Kuchengetedzeka kweIoT kunogona sei kukura mukufanana muInternet yeZvese nguva?

Iyo Internet yezvinhu ndiyo musimboti werutsigiro wechitatu wave weindasitiri yeruzivo uye yechina shanduko yemaindasitiri.

Yakaburitsa maindasitiri mazhinji nemabhizinesi kuburikidza nekubatana kwakadzama nemaindasitiri akasiyana, zvakadai seInternet yeMotokari, Industrial Internet, Smart Grid, Smart Guta, uye Smart Agriculture. , smart kurapwa, smart logistics, imba yakangwara, smart kupfeka, etc., zvachinja mararamiro evanhu uye zvakaunza kurerukirwa kukuru kuupenyu hwevanhu hwezuva nezuva. Parizvino, indasitiri yepasi rose yeIoT iri kukura nekukurumidza.

Raspberry Pi 4th chizvarwa - IOT Raspberry Pi

Iyo Mobile Economy 2022 yakaburitswa neGSMA inofanotaura kuti nhamba yepasi rose yakatenderwa cellular IoT yekubatanidza ichasvika 2.5 mabhiriyoni mukati 2023, uye zvinofungidzirwa kuti by 2030, nhamba yepasi rose yakatenderwa cellular IoT yekubatanidza ichasvika 5.3 bhiriyoni. .

Kusimukira kweindasitiri yeInternet yeZvinhu yenyika yangu kuri pamberi penyika, uye kuvakwa kwenharembozha Internet yezvinhu ndiye mutungamiri wepasi rose. Sekupera kwe 2022, huwandu hwese hwematerminal ekubatanidza panharembozha yenyika yangu yasvika 3.528 bhiriyoni, of izvo 1.845 mabhiriyoni emasero eIoT terminal vashandisi vanomiririra nhamba ye "chinhu" kubatana. Kubva pakupera kwaAugust 2022, nhamba ye "chinhu" ma connections anopfuura nhamba ye "munhu" kubatanidza Pashure paizvozvo, chikamu che "chinhu" kubatana kwakawedzera kusvika 52.3%. Indaneti yeZvose inopa simba kune zviuru zvemaindasitiri. Huyero hwemaserura eIoT materminal akaiswa kune veruzhinji masevhisi, Indaneti yeMotokari, smart retail, uye imba yakangwara yasvika 496 mamiriyoni, 375 mamiriyoni, 250 mamiriyoni, uye 192 mamiriyoni emhuri, zvichiteerana.

Nekuuya kweInternet Yezvese nguva, tinonzwa kurerukirwa uye kumhanya kunounzwa nekubatana kwakakura, ruzivo rwepasi rose, uye remote control, asi kushandiswa kweInternet yezvinhu tekinoroji kunounzawo njodzi nyowani dzekuchengetedza network. Mumakore achangopfuura, cyber kurwiswa neIoT zvishandiso, zvirongwa, networks, uye mapuratifomu ari kuwedzera, izvo zvave nekukanganisa kukuru pakuvanzika kwemunhu, kugadzirwa kwebhizinesi, mashandiro eguta, uye kunyange kuchengeteka kwenyika.

IoT chengetedzo inotarisana nemamiriro matsva, njodzi itsva nematambudziko matsva

Chekutanga, njodzi yekuchengetedza yeIoT zvishandiso zvine mukurumbira. Zvishandiso zveIoT zvinotarisana nenjodzi dzekuchengetedza senge Hardware dhizaini kukanganisa, software uye firmware vulnerabilities, uye kushaikwa kwemaitiro echokwadi. Kuti udzore mutengo weIoT zvishandiso, vagadziri vanowanzo sarudza yakaderera-simba uye yakachipa Hardware nemachipisi. Iko kushanda kwekombuta uye kuchengetedza mabasa eiyi Hardware kazhinji haane simba, uye havagone kupa rubatsiro rwakasimba rwekuchengetedza, senge encryption uye tamper-proof. dhizaini nezvimwe. Iyo software kodhi mhando yeIoT zvishandiso haina kuenzana, zvichikonzera kuwanda kwesoftware vulnerabilities. Kusagadzikana kwakajairwa kunosanganisira kuchengetedzwa kwebhafa kufashama, raira kusashanda kwejekiseni, etc. Vanorwisa vanogona kushandisa kusagadzikana uku kuti vatore kure kutonga kwemidziyo uye vobva vatanga kurwisa network. Iyo yechokwadi yekuzivikanwa uye yekuwana yekudzora nzira dzeIoT zvishandiso hazvina kukwana, zvichiita kuti nhamba huru yemidziyo yeIoT iwanikwe isingazivikanwe, kana kunyange kutsemuka nevanorwisa kuti vawane kodzero dzekutonga kuburikidza nemapassword ari nyore.

Semuyenzaniso, nhamba huru yeIoT makamera iye zvino ane dambudziko rekupinda kusina mvumo mushure mokunge mapassword asina simba atsemuka , zvinogona kutungamirira nyore nyore kukudzora kwakaipa, DDoS inorwisa, data leakage uye zvimwe zviitiko zvekuchengetedza, kuisa pangozi kushanda kwakajairwa kwekiyi network network.

Chepiri, iyo Internet yeZvinhu network kuchengetedza haina kukwana. The Internet yezvinhu is connected with the traditional fixed network and mobile Internet to form a new heterogeneous network with multi-network integration. Mukuita kwekuunganidza data uye kutumira data, inotarisana nenjodzi dzekuchengetedza senge network intrusion uye data leakage. Iyo yekuona layer ndiyo hwaro hwehunyanzvi hwekuona kwakazara kweInternet yezvinhu. It mainly collects various information of objects through various sensors, and then transmits the data to the upper layer through NB-IoT, 3G, 4G, 5G uye mamwe matekinoroji ekuwana. Zvisinei, iyo yekuona layer node ine yakakura data, zvakasiyana-siyana protocol, single function, uye mashoma makombiyuta uye zviwanikwa zvekuchengetedza. Ivo havagone kupa yakaoma ruzivo rwekuchengetedza kuchengetedza kugona, uye vari panjodzi yekurwiswa kwakashata uye kukuvadzwa panguva yekuunganidza data, kukanganisa kushanda kwakajairika kwehurongwa. Iyo network layer inonyanya kuita basa rekufambisa nenzira kwayo iyo data yakaunganidzwa neiyo yekuona layer. Zvisinei, nekuda kweiyo yakaoma network nharaunda yeInternet Yezvinhu uye zviwanikwa zvishoma zveInternet Yezvinhu node, iyo data inoshaya encryption tekinoroji kuchengetedza panguva yekufambisa maitiro, uye ari panjodzi huru yekurwiswa nemunhu ari pakati-pakati. Vanorwisa vanogona kuwana zvisiri pamutemo mapaketi edata munzira yekutaurirana, verenga zvakananga plaintext data kana shandura data packet kuparadza kutendeseka kwedata. Iyi nzira yekurwisa iri nyore kushandisa asi yakaoma kudzivirira, izvo zvinozotungamira kune yakakura yakawanda yekunzwa data leakage. Panguva imwe, nekuda kwetsanangudzo isina kujeka yeInternet yezvinhu network muganho, vanorwisa vanogona kuwana network nekuita senge gedhi kana mushandisi node, uye tanga kumwe kurwiswa kunetiweki zvikamu nemidziyo mushure mekuwana kodzero yekuwana network.

Yechitatu ndiyo inowanzobuda yeInternet yeZvinhu data kuchengetedza nyaya. Iyo Internet yezvinhu ichagadzira uye kugovera huwandu hukuru hwe data zvichienderana neyayo yekubatanidza zvivakwa, uye idzi data dzichava nenjodzi dzakawanda dzekuchengetedza mukati mekuchengetedza, use, uye kugoverana. Kana data yakachengetwa pamidziyo uye mapuratifomu asina kukwana kuchengetedza kuchengetedza, ichabiwa zvakananga nevanorwisa. Kana pasina yakasimba yekuwana yekudzora nzira mukuita kwekushandisa data uye kugovana data, vamwe vanogona kuwana kana kushandisa data remushandisi pasina mvumo, inokanganisa kugadzirwa kwakajairika uye hupenyu hwevashandisi. The Kubatana 42 timu yekutyisidzira intelligence inotariswa 1.2 miriyoni yeIoT zvishandiso muUnited States uye akawana izvozvo 98% yemidziyo yeIoT haina kuvharirwa, kuunza njodzi dzekuvanzika kwako uye kuburitswa kwedata. Mumakore achangopfuura, kwave nezviitiko zvakawanda zvakafanana zvekuchengetedza network, semifananidzo yakaunganidzwa nenhamba huru yemakamera epamba ari kutengeswa online, uye vatauri vakangwara vanoburitsa kuvanzika kwevashandisi.

Chechina, kuchengetedzwa kweInternet Yezvinhu chikuva kunofanirwa kutariswa. IoT zvishandiso, cloud platforms, uye mapuratifomu ekushandisa ari kusangana nedata nguva dzese. Kana mapuratifomu aya abiwa, iyo yose IoT system ichaparadzwa. Kana paine kusagadzikana kwesoftware kana zvikanganiso zvekugadzirisa mupuratifomu yegore uye chikuva chekushandisa, zviri nyore kwazvo kukonzera DDoS kurwiswa padanho rekushandisa uye kukonzera kukanganiswa kwebasa. Panguva imwe, iyo Internet yeZvinhu chikuva inotarisanawo nenjodzi senge kusakwana kuchengetedza manejimendi evamiririri uye kusvibiswa kweketani. Iyo yekugovera cheni ye IoT zvishandiso zvakaoma. Kana chikuva chisina kukwana kuchengetedza kudzora manejimendi kune vatengesi, zviri nyore kuiswa nea "gonhi rekuseri" mukuita kwekugadzira hardware uye kuvandudza software. Izvi "gonhi rekuseri" zvakavanzwa zvakanyanya, uye zvichiri kunetsa kuwana mushure mekunge mudziyo waendeswa. , Kana yagoneswa, zvichakonzera njodzi dzisingayereki. Naizvozvo, mamaneja epuratifomu anofanirwa kuvandudza cheni yekutarisa uye kuchengetedza manejimendi maitiro ekudzikisa njodzi.

Kufambira mberi kweInternet yezvinhu Chengetedzo Yekupindura Basa

Mumakore achangopfuura, pasi perutsigiro nekutungamirwa neBazi reMaindasitiri neRuzivo rweTekinoroji, China Academy yeRuzivo uye Kukurukurirana Tekinoroji yakashanda pamwe neakakodzera maindasitiri mayuniti kusimudzira uye zvakatsiga kusimudzira mhinduro kuInternet Yezvinhu kuchengetedza njodzi..

Yekutanga ndeyekupa mutambo wakazara kune inotungamira basa remasangano eindasitiri uye nekushingairira kusimudzira gadziriro yezviyero zvine chekuita neInternet yezvinhu chengetedzo.. Kurumidza kuvakwa kweInternet Yezvinhu chengetedzo yekutarisa standard system, gadzira nhevedzano yezviyero zveInternet Yezvinhu chengetedzo yekutarisa, uye kukurudzira "Zvido zvehunyanzvi uye nzira dzekuedza dzeInternet yezvinhu Traffic Screening", "Zvido zvehunyanzvi zveInternet yezvinhu Network Security Monitoring uye Management System", "Internet yezvinhu Network Security Monitoring uye Management System Interface Unyanzvi Zvinodiwa" uye "IoT Terminal Network Chengetedzo Yenjodzi Kurongeka uye Grading Yekuongorora nzira" uye mamwe maindasitiri akajairwa mapurojekiti akamiswa kuti avake zvakajeka uye akajeka tekinoroji zvinodiwa uye nzira dzekuyedza dzeInternet yeZvinhu network kuchengetedza yekutarisa sisitimu yekubatsira kusimudzira mutsindo weInternet yezvinhu indasitiri..

Chechipiri ndechekuvimba neindasitiri yetiweki zviwanikwa uye tekinoroji zvakanakira kutanga kuvaka chengetedzo yekutarisa system inovhara iyo Internet yezvinhu zviga zvemakambani ekutanga ekufonera.. Iyo hurumende-bhizinesi yekubatanidza Internet yeZvinhu basic security access monitoring platform yakavakwa, iyo ine mabasa ekuunganidza, monitoring, tsvakurudzo uye kutonga, uye mhinduro. Mazana emamiriyoni ematerminal anotariswa kuti aumbe iyo yese yekuchengetedza mamiriro ekuziva uye kuongorora kugona kweInternet yezvinhu.. Panguva imwe, iyo chikuva yakagadzira kutyisidzira kwehungwaru dhatabhesi senge IoT kusagadzikana, yakaipa network zviwanikwa, nemitemo yekuchengeteka. Yakaunganidza kupfuura 10,000 mitemo yechiitiko chekuchengetedza uye zviwanikwa zvakashata, uye ine mabasa akadai seIoT budiriro maitiro, kuchengetedza maitiro, nemisoro inokosha.

Chechitatu ndechekuenderera mberi nekuita tsvakiridzo yakakosha yekuongorora nekuvaka hunyanzvi hweIoT kuchengetedza kutyisidzira uye kuongorora.. Tarisa pane njodzi dzekuchengetedza dzakatarisana neiyo yekuona layer, network layer, uye application layer yeInternet yezvinhu, ita tsvakiridzo pane performance evaluation index system yeInternet yeZvinhu kuchengetedza kutyisidzira system, batanidza iyo theoretical reserves ine chekuita netyisidziro yekuona maturusi uye nzira dzekuona dzeInternet yezvinhu, uye nekushingairira kutungamira mabhizinesi akakodzera kugadzira Internet yezvinhu zviteshi, kunatsiridza kuchengetedzwa kwehardware, software kuchengetedza, network security, application kuchengetedza uye data chengetedzo yekuongorora kugona, uye kutanga gadzira hunyanzvi hwekugona kweIoT kuchengetedza kutyisidzira uye kuongororwa.

Pfungwa uye Mazano Kubva paIoT Chengetedzo Njodzi

Yekutanga kukurumidza kusimudzira uye kuita kweIoT kuchengetedzwa-ane hukama zviyero. Ita tsvagiridzo uye kusimudzira kweIoT terminal chengetedzo, network security, kuchengetedzwa kwepuratifomu uye mamwe maitiro, kukurudzira kudzokororwa kwe IoT gedhi repamba uye gedhi chengetedzo yekuongorora zviyero, ikurumidze kuvakwa kweiyo IoT kuchengetedza yekutarisa standard system, tungamira kuvandudzwa kweIoT chigadzirwa chekuchengetedza chekuongorora basa, uye tungamira iyo IoT chengetedzo Gadzira mune imwe sainzi uye yakarongeka nzira.

Raspberry Pi 4 - 9-Layer Acrylic Case ine Kutonhora Fan - Raspberry Pi 4B Inodzivirira Nyaya muMavara mana

Yechipiri ndeyekuenderera mberi nekuvandudza tekinoroji kugona kweInternet yezvinhu kuchengetedzwa kwekutarisa. Vaka bhizinesi rekutanga rekufonera Internet yeZvinhu kuchengetedza yekutarisa tekinoroji system, simbisa iyo traffic yekutarisa kugona kweakajairika Internet yeZvinhu application mamiriro akadai seInternet yeMotokari, Industrial Internet, uye maguta akangwara, uye kuvandudza kunaka kwekunyorwa kwedata maererano nekutarisa kuvharwa, kushanda zvakakwana, uye kukura kwebhizimisi. Kurudzira kuvakwa kwe5G Internet yeZvinhu kuchengetedzwa kwekutarisa vatyairi, ramba uchivandudza iyo Internet yezvinhu yakavanzika network kuchengetedza yekutarisa system, uye kusimudzira hunyanzvi hwekutsigira tekinoroji senge indasitiri IoT kuchengetedza mamiriro ekuziva, ngozi yambiro, uye mhinduro yechimbichimbi.

Yechitatu ndeye kukurumidza kuvakwa kweInternet Yezvinhu kuchengetedzwa kwekuyedza uye evaluation tekinoroji system. Vaka chengetedzo yekunyepedzera uye yekusimbisa nharaunda yezvakajairwa zvimisikidzo senge dzimba dzakangwara uye kugadzirwa kwedhijitari., uye ita ongororo yekuchengetedza kodhi, high-risk vulnerability scanning, kuwana kudzora michina yekuongorora, data transmission security test, network node identity authentication evaluations, etc. yeIoT terminals, networks, uye mapuratifomu Shanda, kuvaka hunyanzvi hwekuita senge vulnerability mining, simulated kurwisa, uye intelligence collection, gara uchiita IoT kuchengetedza kutevedza ongororo uye zviitiko zvekuyedza, tsvaga njodzi dzekuchengetedza munguva, uye kusimudzira makambani ane hukama neIoT kuti awedzere iwo ega ekuchengetedza kuchengetedza kugona.

Kuchengetedzeka kweIoT kunogona sei kukura mukufanana muInternet yeZvese nguva

Yechina ndeyekuenderera mberi nekusimbisa mubatanidzwa hunyanzvi hweInternet Yezvinhu kuchengetedza mabhizinesi. Tarisa pane "kushaya simba" uye tekinoroji kusimudzira mafambiro eIoT terminal chengetedzo, network security, uye kuchengetedzwa kwepuratifomu, kuwedzera mari muIoT kuchengetedza yakakosha mari, ita IoT kuchengetedza innovation uye bhizimusi makwikwi uye makonferensi, batanidza zviwanikwa zvekumusoro nezasi muindasitiri, uye unganidza "hurumende-indasitiri Kurima nekusimudzira akati wandei eIoT kuchengetedza zvigadzirwa uye mhinduro, kusimudzira kuvandudzwa kweyero yekuchengetedza yekudzivirira yeIoT terminals, networks, platforms uye data, uye kusimudzira kusimudzira kwemhando yepamusoro yeIoT kuchengetedza indasitiri.

*Chinyorwa ichi chakatsikiswa muna "Kukurukurirana Nyika"
Nyaya 925 Nyamavhuvhu 10, 2023 Nyaya 15
Zita rekutanga: "IoT Chengetedzo Yengozi Yekuongorora uye Countermeasures Tsvagiridzo muInternet Yezvese Era"