Pehea e hiki ai i ka palekana IoT ke ulu like i ka manawa o ka Internet of Everything?

ʻO ka Internet of Things ke kākoʻo koʻikoʻi o ke kolu o ka nalu o ka ʻoihana ʻike a me ka ʻehā o ka ʻenehana ʻenehana.

Ua hoʻoulu ʻo ia i nā ʻoihana a me nā ʻoihana ma o ka hoʻohui hohonu ʻana me nā ʻoihana like ʻole, e like me ka Internet of Vehicles, Pūnaewele ʻOihana, Māhele akamai, Kulanakauhale akamai, a me ka Mahiai akamai. , mālama lapaʻau akamai, akamai logistics, home akamai, ʻaʻahu akamai, etc., ua hoʻololi i ka nohona o ka poʻe a lawe mai i ka ʻoluʻolu nui i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā. I kēia manawa, ke ulu wikiwiki nei ka ʻoihana IoT honua.

ʻO Raspberry Pi 4th hanauna - IOT Raspberry Pi

ʻO ka Mobile Economy 2022 i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e GSMA wānana e hiki i ka helu o nā pili pūnaewele IoT i ʻae ʻia 2.5 piliona ma 2023, a ua manaoia e 2030, e hiki aku ka helu o nā pili pūnaewele IoT i ʻae ʻia 5.3 piliona. .

ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana Pūnaewele o nā mea o koʻu ʻāina ma ke alo o ka honua, a ʻo ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pūnaewele puni honua o nā mea he alakaʻi honua. E like me ka hopena o 2022, ua hiki mai ka huina o na pili hope ma ko'u 'āina 3.528 piliona, o ka mea 1.845 ʻO ka heluna o nā mea hoʻohana ʻo IoT cellular terminal "mea" pili. Mai ka hopena o ʻAukake 2022, ka heluna o "mea" Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pilina ma mua o ka nui o nā "kanaka" pili Ma hope o kēlā, ka mahele o "mea" ua piʻi nā pilina i 52.3%. Hāʻawi ka Internet of Everything i nā tausani o nā ʻoihana. Hoʻohana ʻia ka pālākiō o nā kikowaena IoT cellular i nā lawelawe aupuni, Pūnaewele o nā kaʻa, hale kūʻai akamai, a hiki i ka home akamai 496 miliona, 375 miliona, 250 miliona, a 192 miliona hale, pakahi.

Me ka hiki ʻana mai o ka Internet o nā mea āpau, ʻike mākou i ka ʻoluʻolu a me ka wikiwiki i lawe ʻia e ka pilina nui, ʻike honua, a me ka mana mamao, akā, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana Internet of Things e lawe mai i nā pilikia palekana pūnaewele hou. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, hoʻouka kaua cyber e kūʻē i nā mea IoT, ʻōnaehana, nā pūnaewele, a ua hoʻonui ʻia nā paepae, i loaʻa ka hopena nui i ka pilikino pilikino, hana ʻoihana, nā hana kūlanakauhale, a me ka maluhia aupuni.

Ke kū nei ka palekana IoT i nā kūlana hou, nā pilikia hou a me nā pilikia hou

Ka mua, koʻikoʻi nā pilikia palekana o nā mea IoT. Ke kū nei nā mea IoT i nā pilikia palekana e like me nā hemahema hoʻolālā hardware, nā lako polokalamu a me nā pilikia firmware, a me ka nele o nā mīkini hōʻoia. I mea e kāohi ai i ke kumukūʻai o nā mea IoT, koho pinepine nā mea hana i nā lako haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hana hoʻopili helu a me nā hana palekana o kēia mau hāmeʻa he nāwaliwali pinepine, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo palekana paʻa, e like me ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka hōʻoia ʻole. hoʻolālā etc. ʻAʻole kūlike ka maikaʻi o ka code software o nā mea IoT, ka hopena i ka heluna nui o nā pilikia lako polokalamu. ʻO nā mea nāwaliwali maʻamau e pili ana i nā haʻahaʻa buffer overflow, kauoha hoʻokolo ʻana, etc. Hiki i nā mea hoʻouka ke hoʻohana i kēia mau haʻahaʻa e loaʻa ka mana o nā polokalamu a laila hoʻomaka i nā hoʻouka pūnaewele. ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka hōʻoia ʻike a me nā ʻōnaehana mana o nā mea IoT, ka hopena i ka helu nui o nā mea IoT i loaʻa me ka inoa ʻole, a i ʻole e hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā mea hoʻouka e loaʻa nā kuleana mana ma o nā huaʻōlelo maʻalahi.

ʻo kahi laʻana, ʻO ka nui o nā kāmela IoT i kēia manawa i ka pilikia o ke komo ʻole ʻia ma hope o ka haki ʻana o nā ʻōlelo huna , hiki ke alakaʻi maʻalahi i ka mana ʻino, Hoʻouka kaua ʻo DDoS, leakage ʻikepili a me nā hanana palekana ʻē aʻe, e hoʻoweliweli ana i ka hana maʻamau o ka ʻoihana pūnaewele koʻikoʻi.

Ka lua, ʻaʻole lawa ka palekana pūnaewele o nā mea. ʻO ka Pūnaewele o na mea is connected with the traditional fixed network and mobile Internet to form a new heterogeneous network with multi-network integration. Ma ke kaʻina o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻikepili a me ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻikepili, ke kū nei i nā pilikia palekana e like me ke komo ʻana o ka pūnaewele a me ka leakage ʻikepili. ʻO ka papa ʻike ke kumu ʻenehana no ka ʻike piha o ka Pūnaewele o nā Mea. It mainly collects various information of objects through various nā mea ʻike, and then transmits the data to the upper layer through NB-IoT, 3ʻO G, 4ʻO G, 5G a me nā ʻenehana komo ʻē aʻe. Eia naʻe, nui ka ʻikepili i nā nodes layer perception, nā protocols like ʻole, nā hana hoʻokahi, a me ka helu helu a me ka waihona waiwai. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i nā mana palekana palekana ʻike paʻakikī, a pilikia i nā hoʻouka ʻino a me nā pōʻino i ka wā o ka ʻohi ʻikepili, pili i ka hana maʻamau o ka ʻōnaehana. ʻO ka papa pūnaewele ke kuleana nui no ka hoʻouna pololei ʻana i ka ʻikepili i hōʻiliʻili ʻia e ka papa ʻike. Eia naʻe, ma muli o ke kaiapuni pūnaewele paʻakikī o ka Internet of Things a me nā kumuwaiwai liʻiliʻi o nā nodes Internet of Things, nele ka ʻikepili i ka pale ʻenehana hoʻopunipuni i ka wā o ka hoʻouna ʻana, a ua pilikia loa i ka hoouka kanaka-i-waena. Hiki i nā mea hoʻouka ke loaʻa i nā ʻeke ʻikepili ma ke ala kamaʻilio, heluhelu pololei i ka ʻikepili plaintext a i ʻole hoʻololi i nā ʻeke ʻikepili e hoʻopau i ka pono o ka ʻikepili. He maʻalahi kēia ʻano hoʻouka kaua akā paʻakikī ke pale aku, e alakaʻi i ka nui o ka leakage ʻikepili koʻikoʻi. I ka manawa like, ma muli o ka wehewehe maopopo ʻole o ka palena pūnaewele pūnaewele o nā mea, hiki i ka poʻe hoʻouka ke komo i ka pūnaewele ma ka hoʻopili ʻana ma ke ʻano he ʻīpuka a i ʻole node mea hoʻohana, a hoʻomaka hou i nā hoʻouka kaua ma luna o nā ʻāpana pūnaewele a me nā polokalamu ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kuleana komo pūnaewele.

ʻO ke kolu ka puka pinepine ʻana o nā pilikia palekana data Internet of Things. Na ka Internet of Things e hoʻohua a kaʻana like i ka nui o ka ʻikepili e pili ana i kāna mau waiwai pili ponoʻī, a e loaʻa i kēia mau ʻikepili ka nui o nā pilikia palekana i ke kaʻina o ka mālama ʻana, hoʻohana, a kaʻana like. Ke mālama ʻia ka ʻikepili ma nā polokalamu a me nā paepae me ka lawa ʻole o ka palekana palekana, e aihue pololei ia e ka poe hoouka. I ka wā ʻaʻohe ʻano hoʻokele hoʻokele koʻikoʻi i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻikepili a me ka kaʻana like ʻana, hiki i nā mea ʻē aʻe ke loaʻa a hoʻohana paha i ka ʻikepili koʻikoʻi o ka mea hoʻohana me ka ʻole o ka ʻae, pili i ka hana maʻamau a me ke ola o nā mea hoʻohana. Ka Huihui 42 mākaʻikaʻi ʻia ka hui ʻike hoʻoweliweli 1.2 miliona mau mea IoT ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a ʻike ʻia kēlā 98% ʻAʻole hoʻopili ʻia nā mea IoT, ke kau nei i nā pilikia o ka pilikino pilikino a me ka leakage ʻikepili. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua nui nā hanana palekana pūnaewele like, e like me nā kiʻi i hōʻiliʻili ʻia e ka nui o nā kāmela home e kūʻai ʻia ana ma ka pūnaewele, a me nā ʻōlelo akamai e hoʻokahe ana i ka pilikino o ka mea hoʻohana.

Ka ʻehā, pono e hoʻolohe i ka palekana o ka pūnaewele o nā mea. Nā lako IoT, kapuaʻi paepae, a ke launa pū nei nā papa noiʻi me ka ʻikepili i nā manawa a pau. Ke hacked kēia mau paepae, e luku ʻia ka ʻōnaehana IoT holoʻokoʻa. Ke loaʻa nā haʻahaʻa polokalamu a i ʻole nā hewa hoʻonohonoho i ka paepae ao a me ka paepae noi, He mea maʻalahi loa ka hoʻouka ʻana o DDoS ma ka papa noi a hoʻopau i ka lawelawe. I ka manawa like, ke alo nei ka pūnaewele o nā mea i nā pilikia e like me ka lawa ʻole o ka mālama ʻana i ka palekana o nā mea hana a me ka pollution chain supply. ʻO ke kaulahao hoʻolako o Nā lako IoT he paʻakikī. Inā lawa ʻole ka hoʻokele mālama palekana o ka paepae no nā mea hoʻolako, maalahi ke hookomo ia me ka "puka hope" i ke kaʻina o ka hana ʻana i nā lako lako a me ka hoʻomohala polokalamu. ʻO kēia "puka hope" huna loa, a paʻakikī loa ka loaʻa ʻana ma hope o ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o ka hāmeʻa. , I ka manawa i hiki ai, e hoʻopilikia nui ʻia. No laila, pono e hoʻomaikaʻi nā luna hoʻomalu o ke kahua lako i ka nānā ʻana i ke kaulahao lako a me nā kaʻina hoʻokele palekana e hōʻemi i nā pilikia.

Ka holomua o ka Internet of Things Security Risk Response Work

I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ma lalo o ke kākoʻo a me ke alakaʻi ʻana o ka Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Ua hui pū ʻo China Academy of Information and Communications Technology me nā hui ʻoihana kūpono e hoʻoikaika a hoʻoikaika mau i ka pane ʻana i nā pilikia palekana o ka Pūnaewele..

ʻO ka mea mua e hāʻawi i ka pāʻani piha i ke kūlana alakaʻi o nā hui ʻoihana a hoʻoikaika ikaika i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā kūlana e pili ana i ka palekana o ka Internet of Things.. E hoʻolōʻihi i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana maʻamau o ka Internet of Things, e hoʻomohala i nā ʻano maʻamau no ka nānā ʻana i ka palekana o ka Internet of Things, a paipai i ka "Nā Koina ʻenehana a me nā ʻano hoʻāʻo no ka nānā ʻana i ka Internet o nā mea", "Nā Koina ʻenehana no ka Internet of Things Network Security Monitoring and Management System", "ʻO ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ʻo ka nānā ʻana i ka palekana a me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele i nā koi ʻenehana" a "ʻO IoT Terminal Network Security Risk Classification and Grading Evaluation Method" a ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā papahana maʻamau ʻē aʻe e kūkulu i nā koi ʻenehana maopopo a maopopo a me nā ʻano hoʻāʻo no ka ʻōnaehana mālama palekana pūnaewele o nā mea e kōkua i ka hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻana o ka ʻoihana pūnaewele o nā mea..

ʻO ka lua, ʻo ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai pūnaewele o ka ʻoihana a me nā pono ʻenehana e kūkulu mua i kahi ʻōnaehana kiaʻi palekana e uhi ana i ka Pūnaewele o nā mea kumu o nā ʻoihana kelepona kumu.. Ua kūkulu ʻia kahi kahua hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka ʻoihana pili aupuni i ka Internet of Things, nona na hana ohi, ka nānā ʻana, noiʻi a hoʻokolokolo, a pane. Nānā ʻia nā haneli miliona o nā terminal e hoʻokumu i ka ʻike holoʻokoʻa kūlana palekana a me ka hiki ke nānā ʻana o ka Pūnaewele o nā Mea.. I ka manawa like, ua hoʻokumu ka paepae i nā ʻikepili naʻauao hoʻoweliweli e like me nā nāwaliwali o IoT, nā kumuwaiwai pūnaewele ʻino, a me nā lula palekana. Ua oi aku mamua o 10,000 nā lula hanana palekana a me nā kumu waiwai ʻino, a loaʻa nā hana e like me nā ʻano hoʻomohala IoT, nā ʻano palekana, a me nā kumuhana kūikawā.

ʻO ke kolu e hoʻomau i ka hana noiʻi kūikawā e ʻimi a kūkulu i nā ʻenehana loea o ka ʻike a me ka loiloi palekana palekana IoT.. E noʻonoʻo i nā pilikia palekana e kū nei i ka papa ʻike, papa pūnaewele, a me ka papa noi o ka Internet of Things, e hana i ka noiʻi e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana loiloi loiloi o ka ʻōnaehana ʻike hoʻoweliweli palekana o ka Pūnaewele, e hoʻohui i nā mea mālama manaʻo e pili ana i nā mea hana hoʻoweliweli a me nā ala ʻike o ka Pūnaewele o nā Mea, a alakaʻi ikaika i nā ʻoihana e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻoihana pūnaewele o nā mea Huahana i nā hana loiloi hiki, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka palekana lako, palekana lako polokalamu, palekana pūnaewele, palekana noi a me nā mana loiloi palekana data, a hoʻokumu mua i nā mana ʻenehana o ka ʻike a me ka loiloi palekana palekana IoT.

Nā Manaʻo a me nā Manaʻo e pili ana i nā pilikia palekana IoT

ʻO ka mea mua e hoʻolalelale i ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā kūlana pili i ka palekana IoT. E hana i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka palekana terminal IoT, palekana pūnaewele, palekana paepae a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe, paipai i ka hooponopono ana o ʻīpuka home IoT a me nā kūlana hoʻāʻo palekana ʻīpuka, e hoʻolōʻihi i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana maʻamau ka mālama ʻana i ka palekana IoT, alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hana loiloi palekana huahana IoT, a alakaʻi i ka palekana IoT E hoʻomohala i kahi ala ʻepekema a ʻōnaehana.

Raspberry Pi 4 - 9-Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Acrylic Case me ka Peʻahi Hoʻoluʻu - ʻO Raspberry Pi 4B ka pahu pale i nā kala ʻehā

ʻO ka lua e hoʻomau i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā hiki ʻenehana o ka nānā ʻana i ka palekana o ka Internet of Things. E kūkulu i kahi ʻoihana telecommunications maʻamau ka ʻōnaehana ʻenehana nānā palekana ma ka Internet of Things, e hoʻoikaika i ka hiki ke nānā i nā kaʻa o nā hiʻohiʻona noiʻi maʻamau o ka Internet of Things e like me ka Internet of Vehicles, Pūnaewele ʻOihana, a me nā kūlanakauhale akamai, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka hōʻike ʻikepili ma ke ʻano o ka nānā ʻana i ka uhi, piha hana, a me ka oo o ka oihana. Hoʻolaha i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā mea hoʻokele hoʻokele palekana 5G Internet of Things, hoʻomaikaʻi mau i ka ʻōnaehana nānā palekana pūnaewele pilikino o ka Internet of Things, a hoʻonui i nā mana kākoʻo ʻenehana piha e like me ka ʻike kūlana palekana IoT ʻoihana, ʻōlelo aʻo pilikia, a me ka pane pilikia.

ʻO ke kolu, ʻo ia ka hoʻolalelale i ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻāʻo palekana a me ka ʻenehana loiloi pūnaewele. E kūkulu i kahi simulation palekana a me ka hōʻoia ʻana no nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau e like me nā home akamai a me ka hana kikohoʻe, a hoʻokō i nā loiloi palekana code, kiʻekiʻe-pilikia vulnerability scanning, ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele, hōʻike palekana hoʻoili ʻikepili, nā loiloi hōʻoia ʻike node pūnaewele, etc. no ka IoT terminals, nā pūnaewele, a me nā paepae Hana, kūkulu i nā mana ʻenehana e like me ka mining vulnerability, hoʻouka kaua, a me ka ohi naauao, hoʻokō mau i ka loiloi hoʻokō palekana IoT a me nā hana hoʻāʻo, ʻike i nā pilikia palekana i ka manawa kūpono, a hoʻolaha i nā hui pili IoT e hoʻonui i kā lākou pono palekana palekana.

Pehea e hiki ai i ka palekana IoT ke ulu like i ka manawa o ka Internet of Everything

ʻO ka hā o ka hoʻoikaika mau ʻana i ka hana hou ʻana o nā ʻoihana palekana Internet of Things. Kakau i ka "hemahema hiki" a me nā kuhikuhi hoʻomohala ʻenehana o ka palekana terminal IoT, palekana pūnaewele, a me ka palekana paepae, hoʻonui i ka hoʻokomo kālā i nā kālā kūikawā palekana IoT, e hoʻokō i nā hoʻokūkū palekana IoT a me nā hoʻokūkū ʻoihana a me nā hālāwai kūkā, hoʻohui i nā kumuwaiwai i luna a i lalo i ka ʻoihana, a ohi "ʻoihana aupuni No ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i kekahi mau huahana palekana IoT a me nā hoʻonā, hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pae palekana palekana o IoT terminals, nā pūnaewele, nā paepae a me ka ʻikepili, a hoʻolaha i ka hoʻomohala kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻoihana palekana IoT.

*Ua paʻi ʻia kēia ʻatikala ma "Honua kamaʻilio"
Puka 925 ʻAukake 10, 2023 Puka 15
Poʻo Kumu: "IoT Security Risk Analysis and Countermeasures Research in the Internet of Everything Era"