Kedu ka nchekwa IoT ga-esi etolite n'otu oge na ịntanetị nke oge niile?

Ịntanetị nke ihe bụ isi nkwado nke atọ nke ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi na mgbanwe mmepụta ihe nke anọ.

O meela ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ na azụmaahịa site na ntinye miri emi na ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche, dị ka ịntanetị nke ụgbọ ala, Ịntanetị mmepụta ihe, Smart Grid, Obodo Smart, na Smart Agriculture. , nlekọta ahụike smart, smart lọjistik, smart home, uwe mara mma, wdg., agbanweela ụzọ ndụ ndị mmadụ ma weta nnukwu mma na ndụ ndị mmadụ kwa ụbọchị. Ugbu a, ụlọ ọrụ IoT zuru ụwa ọnụ na-etolite ngwa ngwa.

Raspberry Pi ọgbọ nke anọ - Ọnụ ego nke IOT Raspberry Pi

The Mobile Economy 2022 GSMA wepụtara na-ebu amụma na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke njikọ ekwentị IoT ekwentị nyere ikike zuru ụwa ọnụ ga-eru 2.5 ijeri 2023, na a na-eme atụmatụ na site 2030, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke njikọ ekwentị IoT ekwentị nyere ikike zuru ụwa ọnụ ga-eru 5.3 ijeri. .

Mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ ịntanetị nke obodo m bụ nke mbụ n'ụwa, na iwu nke mobile Internet nke ihe bụ a zuru ụwa ọnụ ndú. Dị ka nke ọgwụgwụ nke 2022, ngụkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ njikọ ọnụ na netwọk mkpanaka obodo m eruola 3.528 ijeri, nke 1.845 ijeri cellular IoT ọnụ ọrụ na-anọchi anya ọnụ ọgụgụ nke "ihe" njikọ. Ebe ọ bụ na njedebe nke August 2022, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke "ihe" njikọ karịrị ọnụ ọgụgụ nke "onye" njikọ Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, oke nke "ihe" njikọ ebiliwo 52.3%. Ịntanetị nke ihe niile na-enye ọtụtụ puku ụlọ ọrụ ike. Ọnụọgụ ọnụ ọnụ IoT cellular etinyere na ọrụ ọha, Ịntanetị nke Ụgbọ ala, smart mkpọsa, na smart home eruola 496 nde, 375 nde, 250 nde, na 192 nde ezinụlọ, n'otu n'otu.

Site na ọbịbịa nke ịntanetị nke oge niile, anyị na-enwe mmetụta dị mma na ọsọ nke njikọ njikọ sara mbara wetara, mmata zuru ụwa ọnụ, na njikwa anya, mana itinye teknụzụ ịntanetị nke ihe na-ewetakwa ihe egwu nchekwa netwọk ọhụrụ. N'afọ adịbeghị anya, mwakpo cyber megide ngwaọrụ IoT, usoro, netwọk, na ikpo okwu na-abawanye, nke nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na nzuzo nke onwe, mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ, ọrụ obodo, na ọbụna nchekwa obodo.

Nchekwa IoT na-eche ọnọdụ ọhụrụ ihu, ihe ize ndụ ọhụrụ na ihe ịma aka ọhụrụ

Mbụ, ihe egwu nchekwa nke ngwaọrụ IoT pụtara ìhè. Ngwaọrụ IoT na-eche ihe egwu nchekwa ihu dị ka ntụpọ imewe ngwaike, software na firmware adịghị ike, na enweghị usoro nyocha. Iji jikwaa ọnụ ahịa ngwaọrụ IoT, ndị na-emepụta ihe na-ahọrọkarị ngwaike dị ala na nke dị ọnụ ala na ibe. Ọrụ mgbako na ọrụ nchekwa nke ngwaike ndị a na-esikarị ike, na ha enweghị ike inye nkwado nchekwa siri ike, dị ka izo ya ezo na imebi ihe. imewe wdg. Ogo koodu ngwanrọ nke ngwaọrụ IoT enweghị oke, na-ebute ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke adịghị ike software. Ọdịmma ndị a na-ahụkarị gụnyere adịghị ike na-ebufe oke, iwu injection vulnerabilities, wdg. Ndị na-awakpo nwere ike iji adịghị ike ndị a nweta njikwa ngwaọrụ wee malite mwakpo netwọkụ. Usoro njirimara na njikwa ohere nke ngwaọrụ IoT ezughị oke, nke mere na a na-enweta ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ngwaọrụ IoT n'amaghị ama, ma ọ bụ ọbụna ịbụ ndị na-awakpo gbawara ka ha nweta ikike njikwa site na okwuntughe dị mfe.

Ọmụmaatụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke igwefoto IoT ugbu a nwere nsogbu nke ịnweta ikike na-enweghị ikike mgbe agbajiri okwuntughe adịghị ike , nwere ike iduga n'ụzọ dị mfe n'iji njikwa obi ọjọọ, Mmegide DDoS, ntapu data na ihe nchekwa ndị ọzọ, na-etinye ọrụ nkịtị nke akụrụngwa netwọkụ isi n'ihe egwu.

Nke abụọ, Nchekwa netwọkụ ịntanetị nke ihe ezughi oke. Nke Ịntanetị nke ihe is connected with the traditional fixed network and mobile Internet to form a new heterogeneous network with multi-network integration. Na usoro nchịkọta data na nnyefe data, ọ na-eche ihe egwu nchekwa ihu dị ka ntinye netwọkụ na ntapu data. Igwe nghọta bụ ntọala teknụzụ maka nghọta zuru oke nke ịntanetị nke ihe. It mainly collects various information of objects through various sensọ, and then transmits the data to the upper layer through NB-IoT, 3G, 4G, 5G na teknụzụ nnweta ndị ọzọ. Agbanyeghị, oghere nghọta oyi akwa nwere nnukwu data, usoro iwu dị iche iche, otu ọrụ, na obere mgbakọ na mwepụ na nchekwa ego. Ha enweghị ike ịnye ikike nchekwa nchekwa dị mgbagwoju anya, ma bụrụkwa ngwa ngwa na mwakpo obi ọjọọ na mmebi n'oge usoro nchịkọta data, na-emetụta ọrụ nkịtị nke usoro ahụ. Oghere netwọkụ bụ nke kachasị maka ịnyefe data nke oyi akwa nghọta anakọtara. Agbanyeghị, n'ihi mgbagwoju anya netwọk gburugburu nke Ịntanetị nke ihe na oke ego nke Ịntanetị nke ihe ọnụ, data enweghị nchebe teknụzụ nzuzo n'oge usoro nnyefe, ọ dịkwa mfe nke ukwuu na mwakpo mmadụ n'etiti etiti. Ndị mwakpo nwere ike nweta ngwugwu data n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị n'ụzọ nkwukọrịta, gụọ data ederede ozugbo ma ọ bụ gbanwee ngwugwu data iji mebie iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe data. Usoro ọgụ a dị mfe iji mejuputa mana ọ siri ike igbochi ya, nke ga-eduga na nnukwu ego nke nhịahụ data. N'otu oge ahụ, n'ihi nkọwa na-edoghị anya nke oke netwọkụ ịntanetị nke ihe, ndị na-awakpo nwere ike ịnweta netwọk site na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ọnụ ụzọ ma ọ bụ ọnụ ụzọ onye ọrụ, wee malite mwakpo ọzọ na akụrụngwa netwọkụ na ngwaọrụ mgbe ị nwetachara ikike ịnweta netwọkụ.

Nke atọ bụ nsogbu nchekwa data ịntanetị na-ebute ugboro ugboro. Ịntanetị nke Ihe ga-emepụta ma kesaa oke data dabere na njirimara njikọ nke ya, na data ndị a ga-enwe ọtụtụ ihe ize ndụ nchekwa na usoro nchekwa, jiri, na ịkekọrịta. Mgbe echekwara data na ngwaọrụ na nyiwe enweghị nchekwa nchekwa zuru oke, Ndị na-awakpo ga-ezu ohi ozugbo. Mgbe enweghị usoro nchịkwa nchịkwa siri ike na usoro iji data na nkesa data, ndị ọzọ nwere ike nweta ma ọ bụ ọbụna jiri data nwere mmetụta nke onye ọrụ na-enweghị ikike, na-emetụta mmepụta nkịtị na ndụ nke ndị ọrụ. Ndị otu 42 a na-enyocha ndị otu ọgụgụ isi iyi egwu 1.2 nde ngwaọrụ IoT na United States wee chọpụta nke ahụ 98% ezoghị ezo nke ngwaọrụ IoT, na-etinye ihe egwu nke nzuzo nkeonwe yana mwepu data. N'afọ adịbeghị anya, enweela ọtụtụ ihe nchekwa netwọk yiri ya, dị ka ihe oyiyi anakọtara site na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke igwefoto ụlọ na-ere online, na smart ọkà okwu na-agbapụta nzuzo onye ọrụ.

Nke anọ, nchekwa nke ntanetị ihe ntanetị kwesịrị ịṅa ntị. Ngwa IoT, igwe ojii nyiwe, na ngwa nyiwe na-emekọrịta ihe na data mgbe niile. Ozugbo ndị a nyiwe na-hacked, A ga-ebibi usoro IoT niile. Mgbe enwere ọghọm ngwanrọ ma ọ bụ njehie nhazi na ikpo okwu igwe ojii na ikpo okwu ngwa, ọ dị nnọọ mfe ịkpata ọgụ DDoS na oyi akwa ngwa ma kpatara nkwụsị ọrụ. N'otu oge ahụ, Ikpo okwu ịntanetị nke ihe na-echekwa ihe egwu ihu dị ka njikwa nchekwa ezughi oke nke ndị nnọchi anya yana mmetọ agbụ ọkọnọ. Usoro ọkọnọ nke Ngwa IoT dị mgbagwoju anya. Ọ bụrụ na ikpo okwu enweghị njikwa njikwa nchekwa zuru oke maka ndị na-ebubata ya, ọ dị mfe iji a kụnye ya "ụzọ azụ" na usoro nke ngwaike mmepụta na software mmepe. Nke a "ụzọ azụ" bụ nke ukwuu zoro ezo, ma ọ ka siri ike ịchọta mgbe ebufere ngwaọrụ ahụ. , Ozugbo agbanyere ya, ọ ga-ebute ihe egwu na-enweghị atụ. Ya mere, Ndị na-ahụ maka ikpo okwu kwesịrị imeziwanye usoro nleba anya n'usoro ọkọnọ na njikwa nchekwa iji belata ihe egwu.

Ọganihu nke ịntanetị nke Ihe Nzaghachi Ọrụ Nchekwa Egwu

N'afọ adịbeghị anya, n'okpuru nkwado na nduzi nke Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China Academy of Information and Communications Technology esorola ngalaba ụlọ ọrụ dị mkpa iji kwalite nzaghachi na ihe egwu nchekwa ịntanetị..

Nke mbụ bụ inye egwuregwu zuru oke maka ọrụ ndị isi nke ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ ma na-arụsi ọrụ ike na-akwado nkwado nke ụkpụrụ metụtara ịntanetị nke ihe nchekwa.. Mee ngwa ngwa owuwu nke sistemụ nleba anya nchekwa ịntanetị nke ihe, wulite usoro ụkpụrụ maka nleba anya nchekwa ịntanetị nke ihe, na kwalite na "Ihe chọrọ nka na ụzọ nnwale maka nyocha okporo ụzọ ihe ịntanetị", "Nka na ụzụ chọrọ maka ịntanetị nke Ihe Nleba anya na Sistemụ Njikwa Nchekwa netwọkụ", "Nleba anya nlebanya na njikwa sistemụ njikwa ihe ntanetị nke ihe netwọkụ chọrọ nka nka" na "Nhazi ihe egwu nchekwa netwọk IoT na usoro nyocha ọkwa" na ụlọ ọrụ ọkọlọtọ ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ e guzobela iji wuo doro anya na nke doro anya teknuzu chọrọ na ule ụzọ maka Internet nke ihe netwọk nche nlekota usoro iji nyere ụda mmepe nke Internet nke ihe ụlọ ọrụ..

Nke abụọ bụ ịdabere na akụrụngwa netwọkụ nke ụlọ ọrụ na uru teknụzụ iji wuo usoro nleba anya nke mbụ na-ekpuchi ntọala ịntanetị nke ihe ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ nkwukọrịta.. Ewubela usoro njikọ ịntanetị na ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị na-ahụ maka nchekwa nchekwa, nke nwere ọrụ nchịkọta, nlekota oru, nyocha na ikpe, na nzaghachi. A na-enyocha ọtụtụ narị nde ọnụ ọnụ iji mepụta ọnọdụ nchekwa n'ozuzu mmata na ike nyocha nke ịntanetị nke ihe.. N'otu oge ahụ, ikpo okwu ewepụtala ọdụ data ọgụgụ isi iyi egwu dị ka adịghị ike IoT, akụrụngwa netwọk ọjọọ, na iwu nchekwa. Ọ chịkọbara karịa 10,000 iwu mmemme nchekwa na akụrụngwa ọjọọ, ma nwee ọrụ dị ka usoro mmepe IoT, nche ọnọdụ, na isiokwu pụrụ iche.

Nke atọ bụ ịga n'ihu na-eme nyocha pụrụ iche iji nyochaa ma wulite ikike teknụzụ nke nchọpụta na nyocha ihe iyi egwu IoT.. Lekwasị anya na ihe egwu nchekwa chere oyi akwa nghọta chere, netwọk oyi akwa, na ngwa oyi akwa nke Ịntanetị nke ihe, mee nyocha na sistemu nyocha arụmọrụ nke sistemu nyocha ihe egwu ịntanetị nke ihe, mee ka usoro ihe omume mekọrịtara ihe ngwaọrụ nchọpụta ihe iyi egwu na ụzọ nchọpụta nke ịntanetị nke ihe, ma na-arụsi ọrụ ike na-eduzi ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị mkpa ka ha zụlite ịntanetị nke ihe ọnụ ọrụ nyocha ike dị elu, melite ngwaike nche, nchekwa software, nchekwa netwọk, nchekwa ngwa na ike nyocha nchekwa data, na mbụ na-etolite ikike teknụzụ nke nchọpụta na nyocha ihe iyi egwu IoT.

Echiche na aro dabere na ihe egwu nchekwa IoT

Nke mbụ bụ ịgbalite mmepe na mmejuputa ụkpụrụ metụtara nchekwa IoT. Mee nyocha na mmepe nke nchekwa ọdụ IoT, nchekwa netwọk, nchekwa ikpo okwu na ụkpụrụ ndị ọzọ, kwalite ndezigharị nke Ọnụ ụzọ ụlọ IoT na ụkpụrụ ule nche ọnụ ụzọ ámá, mee ka owuwu nke usoro ọkọlọtọ nchekwa IoT dị ngwa, na-eduzi mmepe nke ọrụ nyocha nchekwa ngwaahịa IoT, ma duzie nchekwa IoT Zụlite na ntụzịaka sayensị na usoro.

Raspberry Pi 4 - 9-Case acrylic Layer na Fan jụrụ oyi - Ihe nchekwa nchekwa Raspberry Pi 4B na agba anọ

Nke abụọ bụ ịga n'ihu na-emeziwanye ikike teknụzụ nke nleba anya nchekwa ịntanetị nke ihe. Rụlite ụlọ ọrụ nkwukọrịta n'ịntanetị nke ihe nchekwa sistemụ teknụzụ nchekwa, wusie ike nleba anya okporo ụzọ nke ihe omume ịntanetị nke ihe dị ka ịntanetị nke ụgbọ ala., Ịntanetị mmepụta ihe, na smart obodo, ma melite ogo akụkọ data n'ihe gbasara mkpuchi nlekota, arụmọrụ zuru oke, na ntozu azụmahịa. Kwalite owuwu nke 5G Internet nke ihe ndị na-anya ụgbọ elu nchekwa, na-aga n'ihu na-emeziwanye sistemu nchekwa netwọkụ nkeonwe nke ihe, ma welie ikike nkwado teknụzụ zuru oke dị ka mmata ọnọdụ nchekwa IoT ụlọ ọrụ, ịdọ aka ná ntị ize ndụ, na nzaghachi mberede.

Nke atọ bụ iji mee ngwangwa owuwu nke ịntanetị nke ihe nchekwa nyocha na usoro teknụzụ nyocha. Rụpụta ihe nchekwa na gburugburu ebe nyocha maka ọnọdụ dị ka ụlọ smart na mmepụta dijitalụ, ma mee nyocha nchekwa koodu, nyocha ihe ọghọm dị elu, nkwenye usoro njikwa ohere, ule nchekwa nnyefe data, nyocha njirimara ọnụ netwọk, wdg. maka ọdụ ụgbọ elu IoT, netwọk, na nyiwe arụ ọrụ, wulite teknuzu ikike dị ka vulnerability Ngwuputa, mbuso agha simulated, na nchịkọta ọgụgụ isi, na-eme nyocha nnabata nchekwa IoT na ọrụ nnwale oge niile, chọpụta ihe egwu nchekwa n'oge, ma kwalite ụlọ ọrụ ndị metụtara IoT iji kwalite ikike nchekwa nke ha.

Kedu ka nchekwa IoT ga-esi etolite n'otu oge na ịntanetị nke oge niile

Nke anọ bụ ka ọ na-aga n'ihu na-ewusi mmekorita nke ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa ịntanetị nke ihe. Lekwasị anya na "adịghị ike" na ntụzịaka mmepe teknụzụ nke nchekwa ọdụ IoT, nchekwa netwọk, na nchekwa ikpo okwu, mụbaa itinye ego na ego nchekwa IoT pụrụ iche, mepụta ihe ọhụrụ nchekwa IoT na asọmpi azụmaahịa na ọgbakọ, wekota akụrụngwa elu na ala na ụlọ ọrụ, ma gbakọta "ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị iji zụlite ma kwalite ọtụtụ ngwaahịa na ngwọta nchekwa IoT, kwalite nkwalite ọkwa nchekwa nchekwa nke ọdụ IoT, netwọk, nyiwe na data, ma kwalite mmepe dị elu nke ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa IoT.

*E bipụtara akụkọ a na "Ụwa Nkwukọrịta"
Okwu 925 Ọgọst 10, 2023 Okwu 15
Aha izizi: "Nyocha ihe ize ndụ nke IoT na nyocha nyocha na ịntanetị nke oge niile"