Hoahoa o te taupuniroto momo-roto momo pouaka 10kV i runga anō i te pūhara Gizwits IoT + STM32

I hangaia, i hangaia hoki te pūnaha mana mamao momo pouaka 10kV i whakaurua ki tēnei tuhipānui, ā, i hangaia e Tian Hui o te Whare Wānanga o xi'an University of Science and Technology.

Ka mau te pūnaha i te hoahoa o tētahi pūnaha whakawhiti pouaka mōhio 10kV mō tētahi whare noho ākonga i tētahi kāreti hei papamuri pūkaha, ka hoahoa hoki i tētahi pūnaha whakawhiti pouaka mōhio 10kV i runga anō i te Ipurangi o nga mea. E toru ngā wāhanga o te pūnaha: paparanga whakaaro, apa whakawhitiwhiti me te apa taupānga. Ko te apa whakaaro e haepapa ana mō te kohinga raraunga pūoko me te tarenga ki te pūmana āpure.

Tae atu ki ngā taputapu pūnaha tuarua pēnei i ngā pūrere parenga rorohiko moroiti, ine whatunga mōhio, me ngā pūmana utu hiko hohe, tae atu ki ngā taputapu haurapa taiao pēnei i te pāmahana me te hauhau, auahi, me ngā pūoko ruma wai. Ka whakamahi te pūmana i runga i te papa i te STM32 i te pū moroiti tāmau, tae atu ki te whakaaturanga LCD, kōwae pūoho reo, kōwae whakawhiti kōrero GPRS me te kōwae whakawhitiwhiti GPRS, ērā atu mea.; ka whakamahi te apa whakawhitiwhitinga i te whakawhitiwhitinga ahokore GPRS, ko tērā te kawenga mō te tarenga raraunga ara-rua i waenganui i te pūmana on-site me te pūhara kapua; Ka hangaia e te pūhara kapua Gizwits tētahi pūnaha aroturuki mamao me te taupānga pūkoro mō ngā panoni momo pouaka, ko tērā te kawenga mo te rokiroki, tātari me te tukanga o ngā raraunga mahi panoni momo-pouaka.

This system finally realizes the user's remote monitoring of environmental parameters such as variable temperature and humidity, wai wai auahi me te wai poka tūāpapa, me ngā tawhā hiko pēnei i te onāianei, ngaohiko, auau me te āhuatanga hiko, me ngā taputapu tūnga mahi mā te rorohiko WEB, taupānga pūkoro rānei.

Ina rerekē, hē rānei i te mahinga o te panoni momo pouaka, ka whakatau aunoatia e te pūnaha aroturuki te taumata hē, ka tuku pūoho mā ngā pahekotanga rerekē o te pere on-site, APP waea pūkoro APP, SMS me te waea, ērā atu mea., ā, ka whakamōhio i ngā kaimahi hāngai hei whakakore i ngā raruraru huna i te wā, me te ārai i ngā aituā hiko. . E tika ana mō te aroturuki mamao me te whakahaere pūtahi o ngā panoni pouaka me ngā rūma tuari hiko, ā, ka taea te whakapai ake i te taumata mōhiohio me te haumarutanga whakarato hiko me te whaikikotanga o ngā taputapu tuari hiko i ngā kura, hinonga me ngā hapori.

1. Kupu Whakataki

Mā te hanganga me te whanaketanga o te whatunga whakahaere pāpori me te tuari, he nui ake, neke atu rānei ngā panoni pouaka 10kV. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakakaupapatia e te taupuni-roto momo pouaka 10kV tūturu te aratau mahi o te arotakenga auau, ā-ringa hoki, he iti tōna waeine mōhiohio, ā, kāore i te aroturuki mamao me ngā pūnaha pūoho hē mō te taiao me ngā taputapu. I tenei wa, me te tere o te whanaketanga o te hangarau pūoko atamai, hangarau tāmau, hangarau whakawhitiwhiti me te hangarau rorohiko kapua me te whakaiti i te utu, kua noho te taupuniroto momo-roto momo-10kV i runga anō i te Ipurangi o ngā Mea hei kōwhiringa tino pai mō te whakamohoa me te huringa o ngā taupuniroto momo-pouaka tūturu.

Ka taea e te pūnaha aroturuki mamao momo pouaka mōhio i runga anō i te Ipurangi o ngā Mea te mātaki mamao i te taiao taupuni-roto momo pouaka, tawhā whakahaere me te tūnga o ngā taputapu i te wā tūturu. E whakaaturia ana i Figure 1.

Ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te mātaki mamao i ngā tawhā taiao pēnei i te pāmahana me te hauhau o te pouaka, whakaoho auahi, me te whakaemi wai i roto i ngā rua tūāpapa, me ngā tawhā hiko pēnei i te onāianei, ngaohiko, auau, me te āhuatanga hiko, me te tūnga taputapu mā ngā rorohiko, ngā API pūkoro rānei ahakoa te wā. Ina rerekē te rere o te taupuniroto pouaka, ka hinga rānei, mā te pūnaha aroturuki e whakamōhio aunoa ki ngā kaimahi hāngai mā ngā tikanga rerekē o te APP waea pūkoro, SMS me te waea e ai ki te taumata hē, kia whakakore ai i ngā hē huna i te wā me te ārai i ngā aituā hiko.

10kV taupuni-roto momo pouaka atamai i runga anō i te Ipurangi o ngā Mea

Ko te pūnaha aroturuki mamao o te taupuniroto momo-pouaka atamai ko tētahi "papa tākaro LAN" i roto i te taupuniroto momo pouaka me te "whatunga whānui o te pūhara kapua" i waho o te taupuniroto momo pouaka. Ka taea te hoatu i tēnei tauira hanganga ki te whakawhanaketanga o ngā pūnaha aroturuki mamao mō ngā pūnaha aroturuki wai tuarua, pūnaha whakahaere hiko kāinga, me te whakarewa i ngā pūnaha aroturuki mamao hei whakapai ake i te taumata mōhiohio me te whakahaere o ngā taputapu tūturu me te whakatoko i te whakamohoatanga o ngā mahi tūturu. He uara taupānga pai tāna.

2. hoahoa papatono katoa

Ko te hoahoa o te taupuniroto momo pouaka atamai i runga anō i te Ipurangi o ngā Mea i runga anō i te hoahoa o tētahi taupuni-roto momo pouaka atamai 10kV i roto i tētahi whare noho ākonga kāreti. He ōrite te hoahoa pūnaha matua o te panoni momo pouaka 10kV ki tērā o te panoni momo pouaka 10kV tūturu, ā, ka pakeke. E arotahi ana tēnei tuhipānui ki te hoahoa mōhio o te panoni pouaka atamai 10kV. Ko ēnei e whai ake nei he tirohanga whānui poto o te ihirangi hoahoa o te pūnaha matua o te panoni pouaka atamai 10kV.

2.1 Hoahoa pūnaha matua o te taupuniroto momo-pouaka 10kV

Te kawenga hiko o Te Kāo. 5 Ko te whare noho ākonga i roto i tētahi whare wānanga, ko te nuinga o te tīramarama, ngā rorohiko me ngā kawenga pūhau hōu kua tāpirihia. Kua tātaitia ia dormitory hei 8 tangata, ko te utanga tīramarama ko te 100W, ko ia utanga rorohiko ākonga ko te 200W, ā, ko ia hanger momo ritua 1.5P he mea tāuta hou ki ngā here hau Ko te hiko ko te 1.3kW, ā, ko te kawenga o tētahi dormitory kotahi ko te 3.0kW. E ai ki nga "Putanga Hiko Mahi, Tūaritanga hoki", the dormitory's power load demand coefficient is 0.7, ā, ko te āhuatanga hiko ko 0.8.

E whakaaro ana koe ki te pikinga o te kawenga hiko o te whare noho ākonga ā muri ake nei, me rāhui e te panoni tētahi tawhē, ā, kua tīpakohia te panoni whai kaha o te 1000kVA. E whakaaro ana koe ki te utu pūtea penapena tuatahi me te utu whakahaere o te panoni, tae atu ki ngā whakaritenga o te tiaki pūngao ā iwi me te kaupapahere whakaiti hohe, kua tīpakohia te panoni hinu iti S13-M-1000/10-0.4 mō tēnei take.

I runga anō i te tatauranga tatauranga utanga, tataitai-poto, manatokonga pūmau hihiri me te manatokonga pūmautanga wera, kua tīpakohia ngā taputapu matua o te pūnaha matua o te panoni momo pouaka. Ka whakaaturia ngā tauira tauwhāiti me ngā tawhā hangarau o ngā taputapu matua o te pūnaha matua ki te Ripanga 3, Ripanga 4, Ripanga 5 me te Ripanga 6.

E ai ki ngā whakaritenga hoahoa o te Kāo. 5 taupuniroto pouaka kaupapa ākonga me te tatau hoahoa pūnaha matua, te hoahoa wiri matua o te pūnaha matua i hoahoatia o te Kāo. 5 Ka whakaaturia te taupuniroto pouaka noho ākonga ki Figure 2.

Figure 2 : Ko te hoahoa wiri matua o te pūnaha tuatahi o tētahi taupuniroto momo pouaka i roto i tētahi whare wānanga ākonga i tētahi whare wānanga

2.2 Aronui Hoahoa Intelligent o te Transformer Pouaka 10kV

E pā ana ki ngā hēnga hoahoa me ngā raruraru e tīariari ana i te whakahaeretanga mahi o te taupuniroto momo-pouaka 10kV, ko te kī hei whakaoti i te raruraru e takoto ana i te hanganga o tētahi pūnaha kati-loop mō te haurapa, aroturuki mamao me te pūoho o te taiao taupuniroto momo pouaka mōhio me ngā taputapu, ā, kei te hoahoa te aroturuki mamao i te taiao mahi me ngā taputapu hiko Ka taea e te pūnaha panoni pouaka mōhio me ngā taumahi maha te kohikohi me te aroturuki i ngā tawhā taiao pēnei i te mana uru panoni pouaka, te pāmahana ambient me te haumākū, whakaoho auahi, me te wai i roto i te poka taura, tae atu ki te ngaohiko, o nāianei, hiko hohe, hiko hohe, āhuatanga hiko, pāmahana taura, panoni panoni, ērā atu mea.

Te pāmahana tinana me te tohu pūoho korohū me ētahi atu tawhā whakahaere taputapu, pīataata mana mamao, pūrere parenga rorohikoiti me te whakawhiti kaiwehe arawhiti.

Ka whakakaupapatia e te pūnaha ngā taputapu atamai me ngā pūoko atamai me ngā taumahi whakawhitiwhiti e whakamahia nuitia ana i ngā pae mahi, ka tuku i te raraunga kohikohi ki te pūmana āpure mā te whakawhiti kōrero pahi āpure, ā, ka tukua e te pūmana āpure te raraunga ki te tūmau, ki te rorohiko kaihautū kapua rānei mā tētahi kōwae whakawhiti kōrero ahokore, whaiaho rānei. Ngā taumahi tūturu pēnei i te mahi mahi, tohu mamao me te mana mamao.

Ka whakamahia e te pūnaha aroturuki mamao o te panoni pouaka mōhio 10kV i runga anō i te Ipurangi o ngā Mea ngā taputapu me ngā pūoko whai taumahi whakawhitiwhitinga ā-rua mamati, ā, ka whāngai ōrite i te atanga pahi RS485 paerewa me te kawa whakawhitiwhiti Modbus-RTU. Ko te pūnaha aroturuki mamao o te panoni pouaka mōhio i runga anō i te Ipurangi o ngā Mea, e toru ngā wāhanga: apa whakaaro, te apa whakawhiti kōrero me te apa taupānga.
* Paparanga tirohanga: mā ngā ine atamai me ngā pūoko atamai hei kohikohi i ngā taiao maha, tawhā whakahaere taputapu me te tūnga mahi taputapu o te panoni pouaka, me te tuku raraunga ki te pūmana āpure mā te pahi RS485. He pūnaha whakahaere rō-tonu tā te pūmana āpure, ā, he kohinga raraunga tāna, Kei te whakataurite, ngā taumahi tukatuka, mana hoki.
* apa whakawhiti kōrero: Ko tēnei apa te hononga me te hononga o te tarenga raraunga me te whakawhiti, ā, ko ia te kawenga mō te tarenga raraunga ara-rua i waenganui i te pūhara kapua me te pūmana ā-papa. E ai ki ngā here whakawhitiwhitinga tūturu o te panoni momo-pouaka, ētahi momo tikanga whakawhitiwhiti pēnei i te taura ōmata whaiaho, Ka taea te tīpako i te Itarangi, ahokore GPRS rānei hei tuku raraunga ki te pūhara kapua.
*Paparanga tono: Hoahoa me te hanga i tētahi pūnaha aroturuki mamao mō ngā panoni momo pouaka i runga i te pūhara kapua, haepapa mō te tukunga, whiwhi me te tukanga o ngā raraunga hītori, aroturuki mamao i ngā tawhā whakahaere panoni momo-pouaka, me te rokiroki pūkete me te tātaritanga o te raraunga mahi takahanga. Me te whakawhanake i te WEB me te APP pūkoro i runga i te pūhara kapua, ka taea e te kaimahi hiko e mahi ana te mātaki i te raraunga mahi me te tūnga mahi taputapu o te panoni pouaka ahakoa te wā mā te rorohiko, te APP pūkoro rānei.

3. Hoahoa pūmārō pūnaha

3.1 RS485 whatunga rohe paetata pahi o te pae panoni pouaka

Mā te whanaketanga me te kaunuku o te hangarau tāmau me te whakaiti utu, he maha ngā taputapu haurapa, Kei ngā pūoko me ngā kaimahi ngā moroiti rō-tonu mō ngā hē me ngā raruraru o te tarenga mōhiohio o ngā taputapu āpure momo pouaka tūturu, ka taea te whakaoti i te tahuringa ADDA me te ahorangi me te tātari mamati. Kua tāpirihia tētahi atanga raraunga whakawhiti kōrero rangatū ki roto i ēnei pūrere āpure mamati, ā, ka taea te mōhio ki te whakawhitiwhitinga ara-rua rangatū i waenga i ngā pūrere āpure mā te whakamahi i tētahi kawa whakawhiti kōrero paerewa whakakotahi.

Ko te nuinga o te wā i whakamahia ai te whatunga pahi mahi i tēnei wā.

Ko tētahi o ngā kī ki te hoahoa o te pūnaha aroturuki mamao mō ngā panoni momo pouaka atamai ko te tīpako i ngā taputapu atamai me ngā pūoko whai taumahi whakawhitiwhiti ā-rua mamati, me te whāngai i ngā atanga pahi paerewa, whakakotahi hoki me ngā kawa whakawhitiwhiti. Tīmata ana mai i te mahi pūkaha o te hoahoa huringa momo pouaka atamai 10kV i te Kāo. 5 whare noho ākonga, ko te pahi RS485 me te kawa whakawhitiwhiti Modbus-RTU e tautokona nuitia ana e ngā pūoko atamai kua tīpakohia.

E ai ki te hoahoa wiri matua o te pūnaha matua o tētahi pouaka pouaka i roto i tētahi whare noho ākonga i tētahi kāreti me te hoahoa paraka pūnaha o te pūnaha aroturuki mamao 10kV, ka mau te hoahoa pūmārō pūnaha i te pūmana āpure whakawhiti-pouaka hei uho, ā, he pūrere parenga tāpiri rorohiko moroiti, he ine whatunga mōhio me tētahi taputapu pūnaha tuarua hiko hohe mōhio pēnei i ngā tauwhiti, me ngā pūoko haurapa taiao pēnei i te pūoko auahi pāmahana me te hauhau, Ko ngā pūoko pāmahana PT100 me ngā pūoko urutomo wai ka hanga i te whatunga rohe paetata rs485 o te pae huringa pouaka-ki-te-pouaka. Ka whakaaturia te hoahoa pūnaha whatunga rohe paetata RS485 o te panoni pouaka ki Figure 4.

Hoahoa pūnaha whatunga rohe paetata RS485 o te pae huringa momo-pouaka

(1) pahi whakawhiti kōrero rangatū RS485

Ko te aratau whakawhiti kōrero o te pahi RS485 ko te aratau matua, me te panekōrero pūrere matua ia pūrere kahunga mō te whakawhiti kōrero, ā, ka taea te whakatū i te whatunga ira-ki-te-ira hei hanga i tētahi pūnaha tuari. Ko te atanga RS485 he atanga rangatū tere-iti kua whakamahia whānuitia, ā, kei te atanga RS485 ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei.
* atanga RS485.

Ka whakakaupapa te whakawhiti kōrero atanga RS485 i te aratau tarenga pārōnaki, ā, he pahekotanga o te atekōkiri whārite me te pūwhiwhi pārōnaki, ka whakamahi hoki i te rerekētanga ngaohiko i ngā pito e rua o te taura hei tuku tohu, e tino whakarei ake ana i te kaha ki te ātete i te whakararurarutanga aratau-ngātahi me te whakararuraru ārai-kore.
* He nui te mokatere tarenga o te pahi RS485 me te tawhiti tarenga roa. Ko te tawhiti mōrahi o te tarenga e tata ana 1200 mita, ā, ko te mokatere mōrahi o te tarenga ko te 10Mbps; he rite tonu te tere o tōna tarenga ki te tawhiti tarenga, ā, ka taea te tae atu ki te tawhiti tarenga mōrahi ina noho te mokatere i raro iho i te 20kbps.
* Tautoko i ngā kōpuku maha. I te nuinga, ka taea e tētahi koromeke pahi RS485 te tautoko ā-ariā 247 ngā kōpuku pūrere.

(2) kawa whakawhiti kōrero rangatū Modbus-RTU

Ka hoatu te kawa Modbus ki te whatunga pahi mahi. Mā te kawa, Ka taea te whakahaere i te whakawhitiwhitinga raraunga i waenga i te pūmana me ngā taputapu āpure. Ka taea e ngā taputapu i hangā e ngā kaiwhakanao rerekē te hanga i tētahi pūnaha aroturuki whatunga pahi mahi i muri i tētahi kawa whakakotahi. He hanganga matua tō te kawa, kotahi te kōpuku matua i roto i te whatunga, a, ko ētahi atu he kōpuku kahunga, ā, he wāhitau pūrere ahurei tō ia kōpuku kahunga.

I roto i te whatunga pahi rangatū, ka tīmata te kōpuku matua i tētahi tono, ā, ka whiwhi ngā pūrere kahunga katoa i te tono. Kei roto i te tono Modbus te wāhitau o te pūrere kahunga e kawe ana i te tono, ā, ka urupare te pūrere kahunga i whakaritea e te pūrere matua i te tuatahi, kātahi ka kawe i te tono. He taki kei roto i ngā tono Modbus kia tino mōhio ai kāore anō kia hāmate ngā tono taenga mai. Ka taea e ngā tono Modbus te tohutohu i te RTU kia huri i tōna uara rēhita, pānui, whakahaere rānei i te tauranga I/O, ka tono i te pūrere kia whakahokia tētahi, rēhita rānei i ngā raraunga.

Kei roto i te Modbus ko ASCII, Ngā momo karere RTU me TCP e toru. Aratau tarenga ASCII, LRC taki, tōtika tarenga iti, engari he whakaaro nui, ngāwari, māmā hoki te debug. Aratau tarenga RTU, mā te whakamahi i te taki CRC, tōtika tarenga tiketike, iti ake te uaua ake i te ASCII. Ko te nuinga o te wā e kōrero ana, mēnā he iti noa iho te nui o ngā raraunga hei tare, ka taea e koe te whakaaro mā te whakamahi i te kawa ASCII; mēnā he tino nui rawa te nui o ngā raraunga hei tare, he pai ake te whakamahi i te kawa RTU. Nā tēnei take, ko ngā taputapu mōhio me ngā pūoko o tēnei pūnaha e whāngai ōrite ana i te aratau whakawhitiwhiti Modbus-RTU.

3.2 Hoahoa Pūmārō o te Pūmana Āpure o Box Transformer

Ko te pūmana āpure o te panoni pouaka ko tētahi pūnaha tāmau. He taupānga te pūnaha tāmau, Ka taea te āta whakaritea ngā pūmanawa me ngā pūmārō, ka mōhio hoki ki te aunoatanga taputapu, matauranga, me ngā taumahi aroturuki mamao. Ko te nuinga o te wā, ko te nuinga o ngā moroiti tāmau, pūmārō whai pānga, nga punaha whakahaere whakauru, me ngā pūnaha pūmanawa taupānga.

(1) Pūnaha mōkito STM32

Kei roto i te pūnaha mōkito o te moroiti tāmau ko ngā moroiti tāmau, ara iahiko tautuhi anō me te patuiro. Kei te ara iahiko karaka te tohu karaka ā-waho e hiahiatia ana, kei te ara iahiko tautuhi anō he āhua tuatahi whakakotahi, ā, ka tukua e te ara patuiro he atanga mō te tikiake papatono me te patuiro.
* Kōwhiringa pū moroiti tāmau. E ai ki ngā whakaritenga o te pūnaha aroturuki mamao o te pouaka mōhio 10kV mō te mahinga o te pūmana on-site, Ka kōwhiri tēnei pūnaha i ngā rīwai STM32F103ZET6 hei pū moroiti uho o te pūmana i runga i te pae. STM32F103ZET6 tāmau moroiti, He nui te whakaurunga o mcU, whakapaunga hiko iti, me te mahinga utu tiketike. E tika ana mō ngā whakaritenga taupānga maha i te āpure rongoā mahi, ā, ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga o te whiwhinga raraunga me te tukanga wā tūturu o tēnei pūnaha.
* Ara iahiko oscillator. Ka homai e te ara o te tioata he manawa auau pūmau ki te moroiti kia mahi ai te moroiti i te nuinga o te wā. E rua nga oscillators tioata o te STM32, kei te oscillator tioata 8MHz tētahi karaka tere-teitei o waho, ā, ka tukua e te oscillator tioata 32.768KHz tētahi karaka tere-iti o waho.

* Tautuhi anō i te ara iahiko. Ko te taumahi o te ara iahiko tautuhi anō me te tīmata anō i te pūnaha. Ina rahua te pūnaha, pēhia te pātene tautuhi anō hei tīmata anō i te pūrere. Ahuwhānui, ka whakamahi te arawhiti tautuhi anō i tētahi tohu taumata-iti hei tīmata anō.

(2) hoahoa arawhiti hiko

Ka tīpakohia e te pūnaha tētahi putanga hiko ā-waho DC me te ngaohiko whakatauranga o te 12V (2A), ka tīpako i tētahi DC 5V (2A) whāurutau hiko me tētahi atanga USB hei tuku hiko ki te pūmana āpure. Kua tūhonotia te putanga hiko DC 12V ki te papa mana, ā, kua whakararo te putanga hiko DC 12V kia whiwhi ai i tētahi putanga hiko DC 5V mā te kōwae hipanga-raro LM2596S. Kātahi ka tukuna te ngaohiko 5V mā roto i ngā rīwai kaiwhakarite AMS1117-3.3V kia whiwhi ai i tētahi ngaohiko 3.3V hei tuku hiko ki ngā rīwai STM32. Ka whakaaturia te hoahoa arawhiti o LM2596S me AMS1117-3.3V kaiwhakarite hiko ki Figure 8.

(3) atanga RS485 ki te kōwae TTL

E mōhio ana te atanga RS485 ki te kōwae TTL i te tahuringa ara-rua me te whakawhitiwhitinga o te tohu RS485 me te tohu TTL, engari me kawe kē te tohu, ā, kāore e taea te whakahaere i roto i ngā aronga e rua i te wā kotahi. Ka whakamahi ngā pūrere āpure katoa i tēnei kōwae hei tūhono ki te kaiwhakahaere moroiti, ā, ka whakaaturia te hoahoa wiri ki Figure 9.

Hoahoa Wiring o TFT-LCD me STM32 MCU - Figure 9

(4) Kōwae whakaatu LCD

Nā te mea me whakaatu e te pūmana ā-papa o te pūnaha aroturuki mamao momo pouaka ngā tau me ngā pūāhua maha, kua tīpakohia tētahi whakaaturanga tioata wai TFT-LCD inihi-2.8 hei kōwae whakaatu, ā, he pūmana ILI9341 kei roto. Ka taea e te whakaaro STM32 te whakawhiti kōrero ki te ILI9341 mā te atanga SPI, 8080 atanga, atanga RGB rānei. Kia tere ake ai te tere o te tāmata, Ka whakamahi te TFT-LCD 8080 atanga pahi raraunga whakarara. Ngā raraunga huaputa STM32 ki te pūmahara pūmana ILI9341 mā te kōwae pūmahara tāupe FSMC.

(5) Kōwae pūoho reo

Ina kitea e te kaiwhakahaere moroiti STM32 he rerekē, he hē rānei kei roto i te raraunga mahi o te panoni pouaka, ka tuku karere ki te tauranga rangatū ka tīmata i tētahi pūoho reo. Ka tīpakohia e te kōwae pūoho reo te SYN6288 i whakamahia noatia, ka pāoho aunoa hoki i te mōhiohio pūoho reo e ai ki te papatono kua whakaritea. Ka whakamahi te pūnaha i te waehere GB2312, e tika ana mō te whakawhiti mōhiohio i roto i te tukanga pūāhua Hainamana me te whakawhitiwhitinga pūāhua Hainamana. E mōhio tika ana hoki te SYN6288 ki ngā tau, ngā wā me ngā rā, me ngā wae inenga i whakamahia noatia.

(6) Kōwae Paparua

Ka tīpako te pūmana āpure i tētahi rōpū kōwae tānga motuhake 2-ara hei whakahaere i te whakatuwheratanga me te katinga o te pere pūoho DC 12V me te pīataata, ā, ka taea te tīpako i te tānga tūnga mārō AC 220V e ai ki te momo putanga hiko me te hiko o te pīataata momo pouaka. Ko te tikanga kei te tuwhera ia kōwae arawhiti, ā, ko te tikanga kua katia noatia ngā hoapā, me te tohu tūnga LED; Kei te wehe ia ara whakarato e ngā kaiwhakauru, ā, kua whakarahia ki tētahi diode wātea hei tuku i te ngaohiko whakawai o te tānga me te pare i te ara o mua. Ki te nui ake te pāmahana āpiti o te panoni pouaka i tētahi awhe, ka huaputa te pūmana i runga i te pae i tētahi taumata tiketike, ā, ko tētahi o ngā mahi whakarato taratahi kōwhiri hei whakakā i te whāinga kia mātao ai; ina puta mai ngā hē nui pēnei i te nui rawa o te ārohi auahi, ka whakahaere te pūmana i tētahi atu tānga taratahi optocoupler hei tūhono i te koromeke pere pūoho ka tukuna atu he pūoho on-site. Mō te hoahoa mātāpono mahi o te tānga me te hoahoa tūhononga i waenga i te kōwae tānga me ngā rīwai STM32, Whakapā atu koa ki te kaiwhakanao ka tuku i te tono.

(7) Kōwae whakawhiti kōrero

E ai ki ngā whakaritenga hoahoa o te pūnaha aroturuki mamao o te pouaka mōhio 10kV, ka kōwhiria e te whakawhitiwhitinga i waenganui i te panoni pouaka mōhio me te kapua te aratuka whakawhitiwhiti ahokore GPRS me te utu iti o ngā waka. Kōwae GPRS pūmanawa mārō Gizwits.
*Kōwae GPRS pūmanawa mārō Gizwits (pūmanawa mārō G510_GAgent). He papatono taupānga tēnei kōwae e whakahaere ana i ngā kōwae whakawhiti kōrero maha, whakarato taumahi pēnei i te tarenga ara-rua o te kapua me ngā raraunga pūrere hua, whirihoranga pūrere ki te whatunga, kitenga me te here, me ngā whakamohoa papatono. Ka taea te whiwhi i te hoahoa arawhiti i waenga i te kōwae GPRS me te pūmana matua mā te whakapā atu ki te kaiwhakanao.

*Kōwae GPRS-GA6. Ka taea e tēnei kōwae te mōhio ki te tarenga reo, karere poto me te raraunga whai whakapaunga hiko iti. E tika ana mō ngā whakaritenga hoahoa maha i roto i ngā taupānga M2M, mō te hoahoa o ngā hua kiato. Tuarua, ka whakakaupapatia e te kawa whakawhitiwhiti te tarenga pahi rangatū UART, ka whakamahi i ngā tono paerewa AT hei whakahaere i te kōwae, ka tīpako i te mokatere baud o te 115200bps. Whakapā atu ki te kaiwhakanao IoT mō te hoahoa arawhiti tūhononga o te kōwae GPRS-GA6 me te kaiwhakahaere moroiti STM32.

3.3 Pūrere parenga whānui rorohiko

E ai ki te tauwhāiti hoahoa parenga panoni hiko (KKP/T 50062-2008), 10I te nuinga o te wā me tāuta e ngā panoni kV te parenga auau me te tepe wā. Kei te pūrere parenga rorohiko moroiti te parenga, inenga me te whakahaere i ngā taumahi o ngā panoni me ngā raina, me ngā taumahi o te whiwhinga raraunga, aroturuki me te pūnaha-whaiaro, ā, he nui te tairongotanga me te whaikikotanga.

E ai ki ngā whakaritenga hoahoa o te huringa pouaka mōhio 10kV i roto i te whare noho ākonga, kua tīpakohia te pūrere parenga whānui momo-3-I o nāianei me te taumahi whakawhitiwhiti RS485, me te IA, IB, IC, UA, UB, UC, P, Q, Fr me ētahi atu inenga Tawhā hiko, 8-tango tohu ā-waho hongere, me te whakatuwhera mana mamao o te kaituku ara, me ngā mahi kati me ētahi atu taumahi. Ko te hoahoa kāpeka wiri o te pūrere parenga rorohiko AM3-I e pēnei ana:

Te hoahoa kāpeka witi o te pūrere parenga rorohiko AM3-I

3.4. Pūine whatunga atamai

Ka whakamahia ngā ine whatunga atamai hei kite i ngā tawhā hiko pēnei i te toru o ngā wāhanga o nāianei, ngaohiko me te hiko o ngā ara tuari hiko ngaohiko-iti, tae atu ki te tūnga tūwhera me te katinga o ngā whakawhitinga me ngā kaituku arawhiti. E ai ki ngā whakaritenga hoahoa o te pūnaha tuarua o te panoni pouaka mōhio 10kV, Kua tīpakohia te ine whatunga mōhio Ankerui ACR me te taumahi whakawhitiwhiti RS485, ā, ko te hoahoa wiri o te ine whatunga mōhio ACR me te panoni ngaohiko-iti me te hoahoa wiri o te tāuru whakawhiti me te huaputa kua tīpakohia.

ACR whatunga atamai ine-iti o nāianei panoni me te tāuru mamati me te hoahoa wiri huaputa

Ka whakakaupapa te ine whatunga atamai ACR i te kawa Modbus-RTU, ka taea te ine me te kohi tawhā hiko. Ka taea e te taumahi tāuru whakawhiti te kite i te tūnga whakawhiti o te whakawhiti me te kaiwehe arawhiti, ā, ka taea e te taumahi huaputa whakarato te whakakā mamao me te whakaweto i te kaiwehe arawhiti. He mahere whakakotahi tā te ine whatunga mōhio ACR mō te ripanga wāhitau whakawhitiwhiti, e mōhio ana ki ngā taumahi mamao e toru o te mahi mahi, tohu mamao me te mana mamao.

(1) Tahuringa AD me te tatauranga o te tohu tairitenga AC

Ko te 3 ngā tohu ngaohiko wāhanga me 3 tohu o nāianei (tohu huaputa panoni onāianei) Ko te kohikohi hāngai e te ine whatunga atamai ACR ko ngā rahinga tairitenga katoa, me tahuri hei tohu mamati ka taea te mōhiotia e te CPU mō te tukanga raraunga. Tuatahi, te 3 ngaohiko wāhanga o te 220V me 3 Ka panonihia ngā tairitenga o nāianei hei tohu ngaohiko iti mā te kaitahuri, ka tahuri ki te ngaohiko e whakaaetia ana e te kaitahuri AD mā tētahi koromeke hanga ngaohiko; , i tahuri hei tohu mamati mā te AD me te tāuru ki te CPU. Ka taea te whiwhi i te hoahoa aronuinga o te tukanga tahuringa sampling me te AD o te rahi tairitenga AC mā te whakapā atu ki te kaiwhakanao.

* Tahuringa ngaohiko tairitenga me te tātaripas-iti. Ko te taumahi o te arawhiti hanga ngaohiko ko te wehe hiko me te panoni i te hiko. Ahuwhānui, E hiahiatia ana e te kaitahuri AD te tohu tāuru hei ±5V me te ±10V, kia taea ai te whakatau i te ōwehenga huringa o te kaitahuri ngaohiko. Kua whakawehea ngā tātaripaspa iti ki ngā tātari ngoikore me ngā tātari hohe. Ko ngā tātari hohe e whai ana i ngā pū, ngā kaiārai me ngā tauwhāinga whakahaere tāpiri, e whakaiti ana i te tohu i a ia e tātari ana. Kei ngā tātari ngoikore anake ētahi taumahi tātari engari kāore he taumahi amplification tohu.
* Tohu tairitenga. The sampling process should follow Shannon's sampling theorem, ara, kia kaua e iti iho te auau i te 2 ngā wā i te auautanga teitei rawa o te tohu tāuru. He tino tere te tukanga sampling. Kua tae te kaitahuri AD o nāianei ki te taumata nano hēkona, ahakoa kei te taumata mira te wā o te pūrere aunoa pūnaha hiko, nā reira ka taea e ngā tohu ngaohiko me ngā tohu o nāianei o ngā koromeke e ono te tiritiri i tētahi kaitahuri AD, engari me whakarato te ara iahiko ki tētahi pūrere tauira-me te pupuri me tētahi whakawhiti mahaxer.
* tahuringa AHU. Kei roto i ngā kaitahuri AD ko te arotakenga whai muri, tau tōpu, tatau, whakataurite whakarara, me ngā kaitahuri raupapa-pūhiko VFC. Ko te kaitahuri AD whai muri he māngai o te tere me te tika tonu i roto i te ADC, ā, he nui ake te taumira tahuringa i te mokatere tahuringa teitei ake.

(2) Hātepe uru uara pūmau haurua o te rahi hiko hara

Ko te kī o te hātepe papatono pūmanawa ko te whakapai ake i te tika me te tere o te mahi hātepe hātepe. Ko te kī o te hātepe hātepe AC sampling o te ine atamai ko te whakatika me pēhea te tatau i te uara amplitude, tika rānei o te tohu sampling sinusoidal e ai ki te uara inamata o te tohu sinusoidal. Ko te hātepe papatono i whakamahia nuitia mō ngā rahinga aho ko te hātepe uru uara pūmau haurua. Ko te tikanga o te hātepe uru uara pūmau haurua, ko te tau tōpu o te uara pūmau o te rahinga o te aho i roto i tētahi huringa haurua, he taimau S, ā, kāore he pānga o te uara tau tōpu S ki te koki tīmata tau tōpu . Ka whakaaturia te hātepe uru uara pūmau haurua i runga anō i te tauira taumahi aho ki Figure 19.

Algorithm o te whakaurunga uara pūmau haurua i runga anō i te tauira taumahi aho

Ka whakaaturia te kīanga mō te tatau i te uara tōtika o tēnei wā mā te whakamahi i te hātepe papatono tau tōpu uara-haurua ki te whika i raro nei:

I roto i te tātai, E tohu ana te S i te tau tōpu o te uara pūmau i roto i te hawhe huringa; E tohu ana ahau i te uara tika o tēnei wā; E tohu ana ahau i te uara inamata o tēnei wā; w e tohu ana i te tere tapawhā; E tohu ana a T i te huringa hiko AC; f e tohu ana i te auautanga hiko AC; E tohu ana a N i te tau o ngā tauira i roto i te huringa kotahi ; E tohu ana te Ts i te wā sampling.

3.5 Pūoko auahi RS485 me te pūoko auahi hauhau

E whakaaro ana tērā pea he māturu te raina putanga hiko i roto i te panoni momo pouaka, uta, parenga hoapā poto me te nui rawa atu, e ahi ai, a, ko te rahunga o te panoni hinu hinu ka puta pea he ahi. No reira, me tāuta tētahi pūoko auahi ki te panoni momo pouaka mō te haurapa ahi o te panoni momo pouaka. Hei kite i ngā rahunga tūpono i te atatū. Kia taea ai te tika o te inenga me te whakaiti i te utu i te wā kotahi, te pāmahana RS485, Ka whakamahia te hauhau me te kauruki i te pūoko toru-roto-kotahi hei kite i te pāmahana, hauhau me te kauruki i roto i te panoni pouaka. Ko te pūoko pāmahana me te hauhau ka whakamahi i te rūpahu SHT30. Te whakararurarutanga o te pātōtō me te whakararuraru manawa manawa. Kei te pūoko 4 waea: Whero, Pango, Kōwhai, kariki. Mō te tikanga wiri tauwhāiti o te pūoko pāmahana me te hauhau, Whakapā atu koa ki te kaiwhakanao IoT.

Ko ngā ine atamai me ngā pūoko i hangaia ki tēnei pūnaha ka whāngai i te kawa Modbus-RTU, e āhei ana ki te whakawhiti kōrero tika i roto i te awhe mokatere baud katoa o 1200-115200. Kua tautuhia ōrite te mokatere baud o ngā ine atamai me ngā pūoko ki te 9600bps. Ko te hōputu tarenga raraunga me te hōputu tahuringa raraunga o te pūoko e pēnei ana:
Hōputu tāpare uiui raraunga pūoko. Ka whai te pūoko i te kawa Modbus-RTU paerewa, ā, ka penapenatia te pānui pūoko ki te rēhita puri, ā, ko te waehere taumahi ko te 04. Ka pānui te rorohiko o runga i te hōputu tāpare uiui raraunga pūoko, me te hōputu tāpare uiui raraunga pūoko o raro iho.

3.6 Pūtaiaro pāmahana PT100 - mātāpono mahi o RTD PT100 - mātāpono mahi o te pūoko pāmahana

Ka whakamahia te tare pāmahana PT100 hei kite i te pāmahana tinana panoni, pāmahana taura ngaohiko tiketike me te pāmahana taura ngaohiko iti, e tika ana mō ngā pae mahi maha. Ka puta mai ngā hinganga i te wā o te mahi, ko te nuinga o te ngaromanga rino me te ngaromanga kapa, e mōhiotia ana hoki ko te ngaromanga uho me te ngaromanga utanga. He rerekē te ngaronga kōpae ki te utanga o nāianei, ā, e ōrite ana ki te tapawhā o te utanga o nāianei. Ko te tātai tatau ngaromanga Transformer e pēnei ana:

I roto i te tātai, E tohu ana te P0 i te hiko hohe o te panoni i roto i te mahi uta-kore i te ngaohiko kua whakatauria; Ko te I1 me te I2 e tohu ana i te raina ngaohiko tiketike o nāianei me te raina taha ngaohiko iti o nāianei; Ko R1 me R2 e tohu ana i te parenga taha ngaohiko tiketike me te parenga taha ngaohiko iti.

Kua tāmautia te tare pāmahana PT100 ki te atanga pahi RS485, ā, ka taea te tūhono i ia pāmahana ki 4 Ngā pūoko pāmahana PT100.

3.7 E mahi ana i te mātāpono o te tare wai

Nā te iti o te taumata wai o te poka tūāpapa taupuni pouaka, I muri iho i te marangai taumaha, he maha nga whakatōnga wai i roto i te poka taura me te poka tūāpapa i muri i te ua taumaha, ā, tērā pea he mōrearea haumaru o te māturu taura, nā reira e hiahiatia ana te arotakenga whakahīhī me te wai. I tēnei hoahoa, ka whakamahia te pūoko ruma wai hei kite i te whakaemi wai i roto i te poka tūāpapa o te hanganga iti o te pouaka. Ka pā te pūoko ruma wai ki te tikanga o te whanonga wai, ka whakamahi i ngā hiko hei kite mēnā he wai. Tīpakohia tētahi pūoko wai momo hoapā me te taumahi whakawhitiwhiti rs485. Ka whakaaturia te mātāpono mahi o te pūoko ruma wai ki Figure 23.

4. hoahoa pūmanawa pūnaha

E rua ngā wāhanga kei roto i te hoahoa pūmanawa pūnaha: the field bus LAN software design of the box-type transformer and the remote monitoring system design of the box-type transformer based on the Gizwits cloud platform. Te pūrere parenga tauwau, Ko te ine whatunga atamai me te pūoko atamai i roto i te whatunga rohe paetata o te pouaka panoni, he pūmanawa taupānga tāmau, nō reira ko te hoahoa papatono pūmanawa anake o te pūmana āpure o te pūhuri pouaka e hiahiatia ana.

4.1 Hoahoa o ngā pūmanawa pūmana āpure mō te panoni momo-pouaka

He pūnaha tāmau te pūmana āpure o te panoni pouaka, ā, ko tōna pūnaha pūmanawa e whai ana i te papatono taupānga, API, pūnaha mahi tāmau me te BSP (mōkī tautoko papa). E ai ki ngā āhuatanga o ngā tawhā maha, He maha ngā tūmahi me ngā whakaritenga wā tūturu tiketike i kohia e te pūmana āpure o te panoni momo pouaka mōhio 10kV, te pūnaha whakahaere wā tūturu μC/OS-III., e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te whanaketanga hua arumoni me te whakaako rangahau, i tīpakona. μC/OS-III. e whakaaro ana ki ngā tūmahi hei wae iti rawa, ā, kāore e hiahiatia kia māharahara tētahi tūmahi ki te tikanga whakahaere tauwhāiti o ngā rauemi, e whakatauria ana e te pūnaha whakahaere.

4.2 Te hoahoa papatono pūmanawa o te pūmana āpure o te panoni momo-pouaka

E hāngai ana te hoahoa pūnaha pūmanawa katoa i runga anō i te pūnaha tuari e whai ana i ngā taputapu mōhio, pūoko, ngā pūmana āpure me ngā pūhara kapua, ā, ka mahia te hoahoa me te whanaketanga o ngā pūmanawa taupānga. Tarenga raraunga me te whakawhitinga, ka whakamahia e te pūmana on-site me te tūmau kapua Gizwits te kawa whakawhitiwhiti Gizwits i roto i te pūmanawa mārō GPRS mō te tarenga raraunga me te whakawhiti. Ko te tūtohi rerenga papatono matua o te pūmanawa taupānga pūmana āpure o te panoni momo-pouaka.

*Papatono matua pūmanawa. Tuatahi, arawhiti i ngā wāhanga katoa o te pūnaha, pēnei i te GPIO, Tauranga Rangatū, Matawā, whakahaere pūmahara, ērā atu mea., me te waihanga tūmahi i te μC/OS-III.. Ka mahia e STM32 te whiwhinga raraunga pūoko me te tukanga, ka tuku mōhiohio tika ki te whakaaturanga LCD. I taua wa ano, Ka tukua e te STM32 ngā tono ki te kōwae GPRS-G510, whakawhiti raraunga, He tūhono ki te pūhara kapua Gizwits mā te kawa LwM2M2M, me ngā kaiwhakawā mēnā kei te tūhono tika te kōwae whakawhitiwhiti GPRS ki te tūmau kapua Gizwits. Ki te tutuki te hononga, ka mahia te tarenga raraunga. Kātahi ka whakatau mēnā he nui ake te raraunga kua tukatukatia i te paepae tautuhi.
Mēnā he rahunga iti o te taupuniroto pouaka, tukua te mōhiohio raraunga ki te APP pūkoro mā te pūhara kapua; mēnā he rahunga ahuwhānui, tukua te mōhiohio pūoho raraunga ki te APP pūkoro mā te pūhara kapua, ka tīmata i te kōwae whakawhiti kōrero GPRS-GA6 hei tuku i ngā mōhiohio pūoho mā te SMS waea pūkoro; Mēnā he hē tino nui, ka tukuna ngā mōhiohio pūoho raraunga ki te APP waea pūkoro mā te pūhara kapua, ā, ka whakahohea te kōwae whakawhiti kōrero GPRS-GA6 hei tuku i ngā mōhiohio pūoho mā te karere kuputuhi waea pūkoro me te waea atu ki ngā kaiāwhina hāngai tōmua.