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5G "Uhlelo Lolutsha" isayensi edumileyo: Yintoni kanye kanye iRedCap?
Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo ye-3GPP i-R17 version, igama elitsha liye laduma ngokuthe ngcembe, yiRedCap leyo.
Yintoni kanye kanye iRedCap? Kutheni yaziswa? Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwayo kunye ne-5G yangoku?
Yintoni iRedCap?
I-RedCap, igama elipheleleyo nguNciphiso lweZakhono, oko kukuthi "ukuncitshiswa kwesakhono" ngesiTshayina. Ingumgangatho omtsha wethekhnoloji omiselwe ngokukodwa yi-3GPP kwinqanaba le-5G R17. 
Unokuziva ungalazi igama elithi RedCap. Inyaniso, igama layo langaphambili, ekusenokwenzeka ukuba abanye abafundi bavile ngayo, kukukhanya kwe-NR (NR encinci).
Ukuyibeka ngokucacileyo, I-RedCap ikhaphukhaphu 5G.
5g iimpawu redcap
Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba amanye amanqaku asekhaya abhekiselele kwigama elipheleleyo le-RedCap njengoMmandla oNcitshisiweyo. Oku ngokucacileyo akulunganga, Umthamo uthetha umthamo, kunye nokubanakho ukukwazi.
Kutheni iRedCap
5U-G uqhuba kakuhle, kutheni ukwenza inguqulelo elula? Izizathu zezi zilandelayo:
Njengoko sisazi sonke, 5U-G wahlulwe ngokweemeko ezintathu eziphambili zesicelo, oko kukuthi eMBB (ibroadband ephuculweyo ehambayo), uRLLC (i-latency ephantsi kunye nonxibelelwano oluthembekileyo oluphezulu), kunye ne-mMTC (unxibelelwano olukhulu lwe-Intanethi yeZinto).
5G "Uhlelo Lolutsha" UkuNyuswa kweNzululwazi: Yintoni iRedCap?
eMBB luphuculo lweMBB (Mobile Broadband) kwixesha le4G, igxile kwizalathi ezifana nesantya sothungelwano, umthamo webandwidth, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-spectrum. Unxibelelwano lwefowuni ye-5G esiyisebenzisayo ngoku yeyesimo se-EMBB.
Ye-urLLC kunye ne-mMTC, yangaphambili igxininisa ukuthembeka kunye ne-latency, ngelixa le yokugqibela igxile kwinani lokudibanisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla. Zombini zikhonza ikakhulu kwi-Intanethi yoshishino, kuquka imimandla yoshishino emi nkqo efana nemveliso yemizi-mveliso kunye ne-Intanethi yeZithuthi.
Ngokurhweba okuqhubekayo kwe-5G, abantu baye bafumanisa ukuba ezi meko zintathu zingasentla zesicelo azikwazi ukuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno, kwaye kwabakho "iindawo ezingaboniyo" ezingekagutyungelwa.
Wonke umntu ufanele ukuba uyiqaphele loo nto kweli nqanaba, ukusetyenziswa kwe-5G kumashishini ahlukeneyo kungene kwixesha lokunyuka. Kubonakala ngathi kuguquguquka ngokupheleleyo, kodwa eneneni kukho ukuxhathisa okukhulu.
Phakathi kwabo, omnye wemiqobo emikhulu yindleko ephezulu ye-5G terminal chips kunye neemodyuli.
Uyilo lwe-5G terminal chips kunye neemodyuli zinzima kakhulu, Umda wophando nophuhliso uphezulu kakhulu, kwaye iindleko zotyalo-mali zinkulu. Amaxabiso azo nawo ahleli exhomile.
5g redcap chipset - 5g iimeko zokusetyenziswa redcap - 5G ICHAZA
Ukuba ixabiso alinakuhla, abasebenzisi ngokuqinisekileyo abayi kufuna ukuyithenga. Ukuba izinto zihamba ngoluhlobo, ingaphuhla njani i-5G?
Ngaphezu koko, abantu baye bafumanisa ukuba ezininzi iimeko zesicelo soshishino azikho iimfuno eziphezulu zezibonakaliso ezifana nesantya. Izakhono ezikhoyo ze-5G zigqithise iimfuno zeemeko.
Ngoko ke, ishishini libuze ukuba ngaba kunokwenzeka ukwenza kwakhona ulungelelwaniso phakathi kweendleko kunye nokusebenza, ncama ngokufanelekileyo ezinye izalathisi, thoba ezinye iimfuno, kwaye emva koko unciphise ixabiso elincinci?
Ngele ndlela, I-RedCap (Ukukhanya kwe-NR) wazalwa.
Ngaba le nto ndiyithethile ngasentla ivakala iqhelekile kuwe?
Ilungile lo nto, Ndisebenzise inkcazo efanayo xa ndisasaza i-NB-IoT/eMTC. Nangona kunjalo, namhlanje, 4I-G iye yaba yi-5G, kunye ne-RedCap ifana ne-NB-IoT/eMTC ukuya kwi-4G ye-5G.
Ngamanye amazwi, I-NB-IoT/I-eMTC yinguqulelo ethenwe ye-4G, kunye neRedCap yinguqulelo ethenwe ye5G.
Ngokweempawu zobugcisa, I-RedCap iphakathi kwe-eMBB (Ultra Broadband) kunye neLPWA (Uthungelwano lweNdawo eBanzi yaMandla aPhantsi, I-NB-IoT, njl.).
I-RedCap ijolise ikakhulu kwisicelo phakathi kwe-eMBB kunye ne-LPWA ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno ezifana ne-bandwidth, Ukutya umbane, kunye neendleko. I-bandwidth yayo kunye ne-bit rate yonxibelelwano iphantsi kune-eMBB, kodwa iphezulu kakhulu kune-LPWA. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye neendleko ziphezulu kune-LPWA, kodwa isezantsi kakhulu kuneeMBB.
▲ Amandla eRedCap kakhulu "ilungelelene" (umgca omthubi yiRedCap)
Inyaniso, ngokujonga kwisicelo esisebenzayo sangoku, I-RedCap ayiyona iteknoloji engxamisekileyo.
Ndikuxelele ngaphambili ukuba i-Intanethi yeZinto yahlulwe ngesantya esiphezulu, isantya esiphakathi kunye nesantya esiphantsi. I-RedCap eneneni ihambelana nesantya esiphakathi okanye esiphakathi. Okwangoku, I-LTE Cat.1 kunye neCat.4 sele iqukumbele le nxalenye yemfuno.
▲ "631" isakhiwo
Iingcali zicebise iRedCap kunye nezicwangciso zexesha elide. Ukuyibeka ngokucacileyo, I-RedCap ininzi ukulungiselela ukurhoxiswa kwe-4G LTE kwixesha elizayo.
Xa i-4G LTE irhoxa kwinethiwekhi, I-NB-IoT, eMTC, Ikati.1, kunye neCat.4 ayisayi kubakho. Ngeli xesha, I-RedCap iya kudlala indima ebambeleyo.
I-RedCap ifikelela njani kwiindleko eziphantsi?
Ukuza kwinxalenye ephambili yeli nqaku, njani kanye kanye iRedCap yathenwa kwaye yaNcitshiswa.
Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezixhobo ze-5G RedCap kunye nezixhobo zefa ze-5G.
▲ Umfanekiso wokuqala uvela ku Ericsson (iguqulelwe yiFresh Jujube Classroom)
Ekuqaleni, I-RedCap ine-bandwidth encinci ye-spectral. Kwi-Sub-6GHz frequency band, I-RedCap ine-bandwidth ye-20MHz, incinci kune-100MHz ye-5G yemveli.
Isibini, I-RedCap inciphisa inani lokuhambisa kunye nokufumana i-eriyali kwaye inciphisa inani le-MIMO layers. Ye-Sub-6GHz frequency band, ikhonkco lokufumana leterminal yeRedCap inokuncitshiswa ukuya 1 okanye 2, kunye ne-downlink ehambelanayo ye-MIMO inokuncitshiswa ukuya kwi-1-layer okanye i-2-layer reception. Ngele ndlela, iimfuno zesakhono se-radio frequency transceiver kunye ne-baseband processing module ye-terminal ziyancitshiswa.
Isithathu, I-RedCap ithatha indlela elula yokumodareyitha ye-64QAM, okukwathetha ukuba iimfuno zerediyo zerediyo kunye ne-baseband zicuthwe kakhulu.
Isine, I-RedCap isebenzisa i-half-duplex FDD (HD-FDD), enokusasaza kwaye ifumane kumaza ohlukeneyo ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo ngaphandle kwesidingo se-duplexer. Ayigcini nje iindleko, kodwa ikwafumana isakhono esingcono sokuhlanganisa (ii-duplexers zinkulu ngokwentelekiso), kunciphisa ukusebenza kwendawo yezixhobo, kwaye ilungele ukwenziwa kwezixhobo ezincinci.
Isihlanu, I-RedCap yazisa ezinye iindlela zokonga amandla, njengolwamkelo olwandisiweyo olungapheliyo (eDRX), usebenzisa imo yokulala ixesha elide, ukuvumela i-terminal ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokufumana ubomi bebhetri obuphezulu.
3GPP 5G Ukukhutshwa 17 Uvavanyo lwesixhobo seRedCap
Ngokusekelwe kolu tshintsho lungentla, kuqikelelwa ukuba xa kuthelekiswa neeterminals zenethiwekhi yoluntu ye-5G, I-RedCap iya kunciphisa iindleko malunga 70% kwi-baseband kunye namacala osasazo lwerediyo. Kude kwathiwa ixabiso lilonke leRedCap lingancitshiswa 2-5 amaxesha, okanye nkqu 7-8 amaxesha.
Thetha kakuhle, yithi kakubi. Ilahlekelwe yintoni iRedCap?
Eyokuqala sisantya. Ngokuhla kwe-terminal bandwidth, ukwenziwa lula kolwamkelo lwe-MIMO, kunye nokwehla kowona myalelo uphezulu wokumodareyitha, izinga eliphezulu leRedCap nalo liya kuhla kakhulu.
Ngokwendlela yokubala ye-UE peak rate enikwe kwi-3GPP TS36.306, ireyithi yethiyori ephezulu yeRedCap imalunga ne80 ~ 90Mbps.
Ngokumalunga nokhuseleko, ngenxa yokuncipha koyilo lwe-eriyali kunye nokunciphisa ubungakanani beetheminali ezinokunxiba, i-coverage icuthe kancinci.
Ngokumalunga nokulibaziseka kothumelo, I-HD-FDD ayikwazi ukuthumela nokufumana ngaxeshanye, kwaye ulibaziseko lothumelo luya kwanda. Nangona kunjalo, kwimiba yesicelo seRedCap, ezi ngxaki zinempembelelo encinci.
Kufanelekile ukukhankanya oko, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimeko zesicelo kunye neendleko, 3I-GPP iphakamisa ukuba iRedCap inokusebenza kuphela kwibhendi yefrikhwensi enye ngexesha, kwaye ayifuni kuxhasa udibaniso lomthwali okanye uqhagamshelo kabini. (Kanjalo, iitheminali zokuqala zeRedCap kufuneka zibe ziimowudi ezimbini, emveni kwakho konke, 5Ukhuseleko lwe-G alugqibelelanga.)
Phantse ulibale ukukhankanya ixabiso. Ngokutsho koqikelelo, ixabiso leemodyuli zeRedCap ziya kulawulwa phakathi 100-200 yuan (RMB), ephantsi kakhulu kuneemodyuli zangoku ze-5G ezixabisa amakhulu amaninzi e-yuan, kodwa ngaphezulu kweemodyuli ze-NB-IoT ezixabisa amashumi e-yuan.
Iimeko zeshishini eziqhelekileyo zeRedCap
Okwangoku, ngokwengcaciso esemgangathweni ye 3GPP R17, I-RedCap ixhasa iimeko ezintathu eziphambili zoshishino: izixhobo ezinxitywayo, abenzi boluvo lwamashishini kunye nophononongo lwevidiyo.
Iimfuno ezithile zothungelwano kwezi meko zintathu zibonisiwe kolu luhlu lulandelayo:
▲ Umfanekiso wokuqala uvela ku Ericsson (iguqulelwe yiFresh Jujube Classroom)
Izixhobo ezinxitywayo, njengeewotshi ezikrelekrele.
5G redcap
Ngoku, Iiwotshi eziphambili ze-smart kwimarike zixhasa kuphela i-4G, hayi i5G. Ngenxa yokuba ixabiso le-chips ze-5G liphezulu kakhulu, ubushushu bukhulu, kunye nesantya esiphezulu se-eMBB siyinto engafunekiyo kubungakanani besikrini sewotshi.
Ukusetyenziswa kweRedCap kunokuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zefowuni yevidiyo yeewotshi ezihlakaniphile. Ayisiyiyo kuphela i-downlink bandwidth eyanele, kodwa i-bandwidth ye-uplink nayo iphezulu kakhulu kune-LTE Cat.1.
Ukwengeza, I-RedCap inokuhlangabezana neemfuno ze iiwotshi ezikrelekrele ngokobukhulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Iza kufumaneka nini iRedCap ngezorhwebo?
NgoJuni 2019, kwi-3GPP RAN #84 intlanganiso, I-RedCap yanikwa wonke umntu okokuqala njengendawo yokufunda eyi-R17 (iprojekthi yophando).
NgoMatshi 2021, 3I-GPP yamkele ngokusesikweni ukubekwa emgangathweni kwe-NR RedCap UE (Into yomsebenzi) imvume yeprojekthi. Ngokwesicwangciso, xa i-3GPP R17 ingumkhenkce, ukubekwa emgangathweni kweRedCap kuya kugqitywa.
Ngoku, ngenxa yobhubhani omtsha wesithsaba, 3I-GPP iye yahlehlisa ishedyuli ye-R17 ngoku 9 iinyanga. Ngokwenkqubela phambili yamva nje, 3I-GPP R17 iza kumiswa ngoJuni 2022. Ngamanye amazwi, ukubekwa emgangathweni kweRedCap kuya kugqitywa ngoJuni kulo nyaka uzayo.
▲ 3GPP R17 ithayimthebhile
Ngokutsho kwamava, emva kokubekwa emgangathweni, ithatha ubuncinane 1-2 iminyaka yokuphumeza ushishino lokuqala. Ngoko ke, kulindeleke ukuba phakathi 2023 (okanye kwangoko 2024), siya kubona iimveliso zorhwebo zakuqala zeRedCap.
Ngoku, iinkampani chip eTshayina, kuquka noZiguang Zhanrui, benza izicwangciso zeRedCap, kwaye kukholelwa ukuba iitshiphusi zorhwebo ziya kuqaliswa ngokukhawuleza. Ngeetshiphusi, kuya kubakho iimodyuli kunye neemveliso.
